springer netherlands mai 1982 (15 results)

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The work collected in this book represents the results of some intensive recent work on the syntax of natural languages. The authors' differing viewpoints have in common the program of revising current conceptions of syntactic representation so that the role of transformational derivations is reduced or eliminated. The fact that the papers cross-refer to each other a good deal, and that authors assuming quite different fram{:works are aware of each other's results and address themselves to shared problems, is partly the result of a conference on the nature of syntactic representation that was held at Brown University in May 1979 with the express purpose of bringing together different lines of research in syntax. The papers in this volume mostly arise out of work that was presented in preliminary form at that conference, though much rewriting and further research has been done in the interim period. Two papers are included because although they were not given even in preliminary form at the conference, it has become clear since then that they interrelate with the work of the conference so much that they cannot reasonably be left out: Gerald Gazdar's statement of his program for phrase structure description of natural language forms the theoretical basis that is assumed by Maling and Zaenen and by Sag, and David Dowty's paper represents a bridge between the relational grammar exemplified here in the papers by Perlmutter and Postal on the one hand and the Montague 504 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is about metamorphic rocks: the processes involved in their formation and the reasons why they occur at particular places on the continents. It has been written to serve as an elementary text on the subjects of metamorphism and mountain building for non-specialist stu dents of geology. It will be equally useful where geology is either the main or subsidiary subject and could be used by students intending to advance further in geology (the list of advanced texts in the further reading section would be more appropriate to such students). My inten tion in writing this book has been to try to dispel the notion that metamorphism comprises the 'haunted wing' of geology. Admittedly, there are rather a large number of technical terms in the book, but I hope that after working through it you will not find metamorphism an unduly difficult or obscure aspect of geology. Throughout, I have emphasised the strong links between mountain building, plate tectonics and metamorphic processes. The book introduces metamorphic rocks by considering their textures and field relations, then moves on to deal with the factors controlling metamorphism. Case studies of areas of metamorphic rocks are then presented in the context of modern theories of the Earth's activity, and the place of metamorphic rocks in the formation of ancient and young mountain belts is analysed. New technical terms and concepts are explained in context as they are introduced, important terms being emphasised in bold print. 164 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The origin, dispersal, deposition and burial of natural sediment grains is the central concern of sedimentology. The subject is truly inter disciplinary, commands the attention of Earth scientists, is of consider able interest to fluid dynamicists and civil engineers, and it finds widespread practical applications in industry. Sedimentology may be approached from two viewpoints: a descrip tive approach, as exemplified by traditional petrography and facies analysis, and a quantitative approach through the physical and chemical sciences. Both approaches are complementary and must be used in tandem if the recent remarkable progress in the field is to be sustained. This text aims to introduce such a combined approach to senior undergraduate students, graduate students and to interested professional Earth scientists. Thus the many descriptive diagrams in the text are counterbalanced by the use of basic physical and chemical reasoning through equations. I have tried to construct a text that follows logically on from the origin of sediment grains through fluid flow, transport, deposition and diagenesis (the change from sediment to rock). The text has been written assuming that some basic previous instruction has been given in the Earth sciences and in general physics and chemistry. Certain important derivations are given in appendices. I have avoided advanced mathematical treatment since it is my opinion that recogni tion of the basic physical or chemical basis to a problem is more important to the student than the formal mathematical reduction of poorly gathered data. As T. H. 364 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -to the Project Paris in springtime is the fabled city of a fabled season. This fascinating place and enchanting time were the setting for a June 15-18, 1980 conference on management education, the final phase of a historic cooperative effort between Americans and Europeans, the culmination of three years' work on an exciting project entitled 'Management and Management Education in a World of Changing Expectations. ' The project involved a look ahead at the thirty-year period from 1980 to 2010, the changes likely to occur during that time, and the implications for management and management education. Spon sored by the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) and the European Foundation for Management Devel- xiii xiv INTRODUCTION ment (EFMD), it had two stages prior to the Paris conference - the first, a futures-oriented colloquium held in February 1979 at St. George's House, Windsor Castle, on 'The Changing Expectations of Society'j the second, a colloquium held in November 1979 at Arden House, Columbia University, on 'Management for the XXI Century. ' The theme of the Paris conference was 'Managers for the XXI Century: Their Education and Development. ' While spon sored by AACSB and EFMD, the Paris conference was actually a worldwide meeting, with corporate leaders and deans or directors of business schools throughout the world invited to participate. Representation came from all continents, with 650 participants from thirty-five countries. 232 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Proceedings of the Conference held in Brussels, Belgium, Januari 25-26, 1982 148 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Peter C. Ordeshook and Kenneth A. Shepsle If the inaugural date of modern economics is set at 1776 with the publication of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations, then the analytical tradition in the study of politics is not even a decade younger, commencing nine years later with the publication of the Marquis de Condorcet's Essai sur l'application de l'analyse iz la probabilite des decisions rendues iz la pluralite des voix. The parallel, however, stops there for, unlike Smith and other classical economists who laid an intel lectual foundation upon which a century of cumulative scientific research pro ceeded, analytical political science suffered fits and starts. Condorcet, himself, acknowledges the earlier work (predating the Essai by some fourteen years) of Borda and, from time to time during the nineteenth century, their contributions were rediscovered by Dodgson, Nanson, and other political philosophers and arithmeticians. But, by century's end, there was nothing in political science to compare to the grand edifice of general equilibrium theory in neoclassical eco nomics. Despite roots traversing two centuries, then, the analytical study of poli tics is a twentieth-century affair. The initial inspiration and insight of Condorcet was seized upon just after World War II by Duncan Black, who wrote several papers on the equilibrium properties of majority rule in specific contexts (Black, 1948a,b). He expanded upon these themes in his now deservedly famous monograph, The Theory of xi PREFACE xii Committees and Elections, and the lesser-known essay with R. A. 228 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -InhaltsangabePolicy Evaluation and Evaluation Policy.- Evaluation as a Discipline.- Purposes of This Study.- Treatment of Methods.- Plan.- Level of Difficulty of Presentation.- I Valuation.- 1 Issues in Evaluation Policy.- An Overview of Evaluation Approaches.- A Schema for Comparing Approaches.- 2 Evaluation and Social Research.- Evaluation as Scientific Theory Testing.- Limitations of the Scientific Theory-Testing Approach.- Evaluation as Applied Scientific Methods.- The Applied Scientific Methods Approach: A Critique.- The Problem of Naturalism in Evaluation.- Evaluation as Directed Social Change.- Limitations of Evaluation as Directed Social Change.- 3 Evaluation and Social Justice.- A Utilitarian Perspective on Policy Evaluation.- An Egalitarian Perspective.- The Egalitarian Perspective on Nuclear Power.- Inequality in the Social Services.- The Egalitarian Approach: A Critique.- 4 A Framework for Valuation.- Evaluation as a Form of Social Inquiry.- Context and Scope of Valuation.- Relating Valuations to Observations.- Comprehensive Evaluation.- Appropriate Policies to Guide Uncertain Inferences.- Roles of Scientist and Citizen in Valuation.- II Valuation and Observation.- 5 Technique of Value Scaling.- The Outcome Measure and the Value Scale.- Magnitude Estimation.- Method of Obtaining Magnitude Estimates: Exhibit 1.- Finding Relative Origins: Exhibit 2.- Meaning of the Relative Origin.- Understanding Power Functions of Outcome Scores.- Bipolar Value Scales.- Multiple Measures of Effect for Each Value Scale.- Units of the Value Scale.- Magnitude Estimation and Social Dissension.- Magnitude Estimation as a Tool of Social Evaluation.- 6 Relationships That Determine Outcomes of Tests of Hypotheses.- The Outcome Probability.- Formulating the Null and Threshold Hypotheses.- The Discrepancy Measure (D) as a Proxy for the Outcome Probability.- Direct Determinants of the Outcome Probability.- Unreliability, Invalidity, and Sample Variances.- Effects of Inconsistent Intervention Effects.- Effects of Protection against Type 1 and Type 2 Errors on Sample Size Requirements.- Recapitulation.- 7 Squaring Research Design with Policy Requirements.- Specification of Values: An Example.- Measurement Design.- Outcome Measure.- Magnitude Estimation of Effectiveness.- Patterning of Observations.- Formulating the Threshold Hypothesis.- Determining an Optimum Level of Protection against Type 1 and Type 2 Errors.- Variations in the Research Design by Types of Evaluation Questions.- Recapitulation 107.- The Problem of Generalizing from Policy Evaluation.- III Observation and Inference.- 8 Plausible and Implausible Hypotheses.- Specification of Hypotheses.- The Measurement of Plausibility.- Likelihood Inference.- Maximum Likelihood.- Likelihood Functions.- Relative Likelihood.- Joint Relative Likelihood Analysis: An Example.- 9 Fluctuating Parameters.- Local Probabilistic Systems.- Diachronic Sampling.- Bayesian Inference.- Sources of the Prior Distribution.- Forms and Uses of Posterior Distribution.- Bayesian Decision Rules.- 10 A Classification of Evaluative Inference Methods.- Overview of the Classification.- No Prior Data; Dichotomous Value Scale: Case 1.- Prior Information; Dichotomous Value Scale: Case 2.- No Prior Data; Ratio Value Scale: Case 3.- Prior Information; Ratio Value Scale: Case 4.- IV Two Case Studies in Evaluation.- 11 Technical Skew in Social Work Evaluations.- Essentials of TECH.- The Prevalence of TECH.- Two Examples of TECH in Social Work Research 151.- Planned and Unplanned Features of TECH-Mode Designs.- Implicit Threshold Hypotheses.- Taking Account of Type 1 and Type 2 Errors.- 12 A Reanalysis of Love Canal Data on Spontaneous Abortions.- The Scientific Controversies 161.- The Question of Controls in the Studies of Birth Abnormalities.- Plan of Reanalysis of the Data on Miscarriages.- Relative Likelihood Analysis.- Implications.- Appendix: Evaluating Likelihoods Using an Electronic Calculator or the Computer.- Calculating Joint Rela 238 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The meaning and application of the principle of beneficence to issues in health care is rarely clear or certain. Although the principle is frequently employed to justify a variety of actions and inactions, very little has been done from a conceptual point of view to test its relevance to these behaviors or to explore its relationship to other moral principles that also might be called upon to guide or justify conduct. Perhaps more than any other, the principle of benef icence seems particularly appropriate to contexts of health care in which two or more parties interact from positions of relative strength and weakness, advantage and need, to pursue some perceived goal. It is among those moral principles that Tom L. Beauchamp and James F. Childress selected in their textbook on bioethics as applicable to biomedicine in general and relevant to a range of specific issues ([1], pp. 135-167). More narrowly, The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behav ioral Research identified beneficence as among those moral principles that have particular relevance to the conduct of research involving humans (2). Thus, the principle of beneficence is seen as pertinent to the routine delivery of health care, the discovery of new therapies, and the rationale of public policies related to health care. 292 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Papers collected in this volume are those presented at the ninth Colloquium arranged by the Societe Universitaire Europeenne de Recherches Financi{~res (SUERF), which took place at Helsing Ct. r, Denmark, in October 1980. The Society is supported by a large number of central banks, commercial banks, and other fmancial and business institutions, as well as by academics and others interested in monetary and fmancial problems. Since its establishment in 1963 it has developed as a forum for the exchange of information, research results and ideas, valued by academics and practitioners in these fields, including central bank officials and civil servants responsible for formulating and applying monetary and fmancial policies. A major activity of SUERF is to organise and conduct Colloquia on subjects of topical interest to members. The titles, places and dates of previous Colloquia for which volumes of the collected Papers were published are noted on page ii. Volumes were not issued. for Colloquia held at Tarragona, Spain in October 1970 under the title 'Monetary Policy and New Developments in Banking' and at Strasbourg, France in January 1972 under the title 'Aspects of European Monetary Union'. 358 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Following the end of World War II there was a major migra tion of population in the United States and Scandinavian countries to urban areas. As a result of this migration and in part due to the public works moratoria imposed during the war, a major pro gram of sewer construction was instigated, which resulted in the collection and subsequent concentration of large volumes of waste water at single discharge points. As the assimilative capacity of these receiving waters was exceeded, it led to or aggravated existing water pollution problems in these waters. To mitigate this degradation of water quality a massive program to construct wastewater treatment facilities was instigated. In addition, large amounts of money were spent on research to improve the technology of the conventional collection and treatment concept. In contrast, the wastewater disposal problem of the rural home owner received little attention, and in most cases the septic tank soil absorption system (ST-SAS) was the interim solution. In recent years there has been a fundamental change in the population growth pattern in the US and Scandinavian countries. It appears that a great many people are moving back to rural areas where they seem to prefer the suburban or small town envi ronment, yet at the same time want all the conveniences of urban life. The provision of proper wastewater disposal facilities presents a very perplexing problem, because the capital and operating costs of conventional sewers are usually financially impractical for rural areas. 364 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is an outgrowth of the notes made for the semester lectures on 'Problems of Extragalactic Astronomy' given almost annually during two decades at the Ob servatorio Astronomico of the Universidad de Cordoba. Shorter versions were also given at La Plata, Santiago de Chile, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Paraiba. E. Scalise made a Portuguese language version of the notes and encouraged me to publish them; although my friend J. Kleczek is to be blamed for the idea of this book. Not every subject on Extragalactic Astronomy has been touched in this book: instead I have followed those which interested me during 25 years of professional practice in this part of the world. I acknowledge helpful suggestions from M. Pastoriza and G. Carranza, the com prehension of Director L. Milone, and the collaboration of the staff of the Observa tory in Cordoba. R. Tschamler's humor and wit made light the task of producing the English version and M. Pizarro's devotedness produced the edited MS. To both of them I am in deep gratitude. 'A book is published out of necessity, otherwise the author would spend his entire life polishing the originals' was the answer given by J. L. Borges to an inquisi tive journalist. These words explain why this book is so different from the lecture notes, and also from the book I was hoping for. I thank B. McCormac and the D. Reidel Publ. Co. for my salvation from Borges' inferno. 266 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -There is a great deal of interest in the general subject of porous inorganic materials in regard to their use as sorbents or catalysts. The solids may be microporous, mesoporous, or macroporous. Often there is a range of pore sizes within any given solid, and so there is special interest in the synthesis, characterisation and application of solids having well-defined pores. The first part of the book deals with the theory and practice of the measurement of pore-size distributions. Part II goes into porous crystalline materials. The zeolites are, by definition, microporous, but it is important to understand the mechanisms whereby such crystalline porous materials are formed, so as to suggest methods for the synthesis of mesoporous materials. Pillared layered solids are investigated in Part III. There are clear indications that the current generation of microporous materials may be developed to give PLS which combine micro and mesoporosity, while a totally mesoporous solid may not be far off. part IV covers sol-gel methods, where important new developments mean that oxides can be produced with high purity and with well-defined pore sizes. Methods of characterising the materials are also studied, with solid state NMR (including 27Al-NMR), X-ray and neutron scattering, pulsed ESR, and electrokinetic potential measurements being discussed in Part V. Finally, applications are discussed in Part VI. 332 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The work collected in this book represents the results of some intensive recent work on the syntax of natural languages. The authors' differing viewpoints have in common the program of revising current conceptions of syntactic representation so that the role of transformational derivations is reduced or eliminated. The fact that the papers cross-refer to each other a good deal, and that authors assuming quite different fram{:works are aware of each other's results and address themselves to shared problems, is partly the result of a conference on the nature of syntactic representation that was held at Brown University in May 1979 with the express purpose of bringing together different lines of research in syntax. The papers in this volume mostly arise out of work that was presented in preliminary form at that conference, though much rewriting and further research has been done in the interim period. Two papers are included because although they were not given even in preliminary form at the conference, it has become clear since then that they interrelate with the work of the conference so much that they cannot reasonably be left out: Gerald Gazdar's statement of his program for phrase structure description of natural language forms the theoretical basis that is assumed by Maling and Zaenen and by Sag, and David Dowty's paper represents a bridge between the relational grammar exemplified here in the papers by Perlmutter and Postal on the one hand and the Montague 506 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 656 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Condition: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Roelof A. A. Oldeman Tropical hardwoods are one of the essential cogs in the complex socio-economic machinery keeping alive an ever-increasing humanity with steadily rising claims upon a finite-resource environment. Their position in this context at first sight seems to be analogous to that of other commodities, such as rubber, metals, mineral oil, tropical fruits and many more. Looking closer, however, tropical hardwoods occupy a special place. Their vast majority, unlike tropical crops, still comes forth from natural forests being exploited by man. This exploitation straight from the natural resource is something they have in common with oil and metals, but the fact that they grow in living systems places them closer to crops. Natural forest ecosystems are not renewable. Timber producing trees, however, can be made into a renewable resource on condition that ways and means are found to cultivate them as a crop. be understood as a socio-economic The tropical hardwood situation can best chain, with the resource base at one end, the consumer community at the other and everything that has to do with the market in the middle. Now, at the resource side, the economics of tropical hardwood extraction barely got out of the primeval ways of wood-gathering by hand and by axe, which were still predominant in the nineteen-forties. There, the offer of natural products was so immense and so near to hand that no care had to be taken of the resource. 606 pp. Englisch.