Financial Reporting and Analysis, Second Edition reveals the truths hidden behind the numbers and shows the pitfalls to avoid when analyzing financial statements. A focus on core topics allows readers to examine the economic and institutional setting for financial reporting, accrual accounting and income determination, structure of the balance sheet and statement of cash flows, essentials of financial statement analysis, the role of financial information in valuation and contracting, receivables, inventories, long-lived assets and depreciation, financial instruments as liabilities, financial reporting for leases, income tax reporting, pensions and postretirement benefits, financial reporting for owners' equity, intercorporate equity investments, statement of cash flows, and an overview of international financial reporting differences and inflation. For anyone whose job includes preparing and analyzing financial statements.
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Lawrence Revsine. John and Norma Darling Distinguished Professor of Financial Accounting. Kellogg Graduatt School of Management, Northwestern University, BS 1963, MBA 1965, Ph.D. 19681 Northwestern University; CPA 1963
Lawrence Revsine joined the Kellogg faculty in 1971 and served as chair of the Accounting Information and Management Department for eight years.
The author of several books on various financial reporting issues, he has had approximately 50 articles published in leading academic journals.
His academic recognitions include participation in three American Accounting Association Doctoral Consortia. He has received both Ford Foundation and Peat Marwick Mitchell Foundation research grants. He was selected the American Accounting Association's; Distinguished Overseas Lecturer, and the AAA named him the 1992 Outstanding Educator.: The Illinois CPA Society designated Revsine its 1993 Outstanding Educator. Professors Revsine received the Alumni Choice Faculty Award from the 1995 Reunion Classes; this award is given to the Kellogg faculty member who has had the greatest impact on their professional and personal lives.
Professor Revsine has been a consultant to the American Institute of Certified Public: Accountants, the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the Financial Accounting; Standards Board and served on the Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council.
He is a consultant to industry on external reporting issues and regulatory cases and has taught extensively in management development and continuing executive education programs in the United States and abroad. Professor Revsine has received numerous commendations for teaching excellence, including Teacher of the Year from the Kellogg Graduate Management Association student group, and the Sidney J. Levy Teaching Award, presented by the Kellogg Dean's Office.
Daniel W. Collins. Henry B. Tippie Research Chair in Accounting, Tippie College of Business, The University of Iowa. BBA 1968, Ph.D. 1973, The University of Iowa
Winner of the University of Iowa Board of Regents Award for Faculty Excellence in 2000 and the American Accounting Association's Outstanding Educator Award in 2001, Dan currently serves as the Chairman of the Accounting Department at The University G Professor Collins' research focuses on the role of accounting numbers in equity valuation and the pricing implications of alternative accounting measurements.
A prolific writer and frequent contributor to the top academic accounting journals, Collins has been recognized as one of the top ten most highly cited authors in the accounting literature over the last 20 years.
Professor Collins is on the editorial review boards of the Journal of Accounting and Economics, Accounting Horizons, and Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting. He has also served as Associate Editor of The Accounting Review and as Director of Publications for the American Accounting Association (AAA). Professor Collins has served on numerous AAA committees including the Financial Accounting Standards Committee and has chaired the Publications Committee. He also served on the Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council from 1994-1997.
W. Bruce Johnson. Arthur Andersen Professor of Accounting, Tippie College of Business, The University of Iowa. BS 1970, University of Oregon, MS 1973, Ph.D. 1975, The Ohio State University
W. Bruce Johnson joined the university of Iowa faculty in 1988 and has served as director of its McGladrey Institute for Accounting Research, accounting group chairman, and associate dean for graduate programs, where he was responsible for Iowa's MBA and Executive MBA programs.
Professor Johnson has previously held faculty appointments at the University of Wisconsin, Northwes
Consistent with the mandates of the Accounting Education Change Commission (AECC), our objective in writing Financial Reporting & Analysis, Second Edition, is to change the way the second-level course in financial accounting is taught, both to) graduate and undergraduate students. Typically this course—often called Intermediate Accounting—focuses on the details of GAAP with little emphasis on understanding the economics of transactions or how statement readers use the resultant numbers for decision making. Traditional intermediate texts are encyclopedic in nature and approach, emphasizing the accounting process and the myriad of arcane accounting rules and procedures that comprise GAAP.
In contrast, the goal of our book is to develop a "critical thinking" approach to financial) accounting and reporting. We seek to develop students' understanding of the environment: in which financial reporting choices are made, what the options are, how these data are used for various types of decisions, and—most importantly—how to avoid misusing financial statement data. We convey the exciting nature of financial reporting in two stages. First, we provide a framework for understanding management's accounting choices and how the accounting affects reported financial numbers. Business contracts-like debt covenant agreements and management compensation agreements-are usually linked to accounting, numbers. We show how this often creates incentives for managers to exploit the flexibility in GAAP to "manage" reported accounting numbers to benefit themselves as well as shareholders. Second, we use real-world financial reports and events to illustrate vividly how GAAP alternatives and subjective accounting estimates give managers discretion in the timing of earnings and in reporting the components of financial position.
The approach adopted in this book integrates the perspectives of accounting, corporate finance, economics, and critical analysis to help students grasp how business transactions get reported and understand their decision implications. In this approach, we cover all of the core topics of intermediate accounting by first describing the business transactions that affect various accounts, the technical details of GAAP, how these rules are applied in practice, and what the financial statements look like. Then we go a step further and ask: What do the numbers mean? Does the accounting process yield numbers that accurately reflect the underlying economic situation of a company? And, if not, what can statement users do to overcome this limitation in order to make more informed decisions?
Our book is aimed not only at those charged with the responsibility for preparing financial statements, but also at those who will use financial statements for making decisions. Our definition of "users" is broad and includes lenders, equity analysts, investment bankers, boards of directors, and others charged with monitoring corporate performance and the behavior of management. As such, it includes auditors who establish audit scope and conduct analytical review procedures to spot problem areas in external financial statements. Statement of Auditing Procedures (SAS) 82, "Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit," stresses that auditors must act as "financial detectives" to uncover financial reporting irregularities. To do this effectively requires an understanding of the incentives of managers, how the flexibility of GAAP can sometimes be exploited to conceal rather than reveal financial truth, and the potential danger signals that should be investigated. Our intent is to help readers learn how to conduct better audits, improve cash flow forecasts, undertake realistic valuations, conduct better comparative analyses and make more informed judgments about the performance of management.
Financial Reporting & Analysis, Second Edition, provides instructors with the teaching/learning approach for achieving many of the goals stressed by the Accounting Education Change Commission. Specifically, our book is designed to instill capacities for: 1) thinking in an abstract, logical manner, 2) solving unstructured problems, 3) understanding the determining forces behind management's accounting choices, and 4) encouraging an integrated, cross-disciplinary view of financial reporting. Text discussions were written, and exercises, problems, and cases were carefully chosen to help achieve these objectives. But the book achieves these AECC goals without sacrificing technical underpinnings. Throughout, we explain in detail where the numbers come from, what measurement rules are used, and how they are entered into the accounting records. We have strived to provide a comprehensive user-oriented focus while simultaneously helping students build a strong technical foundation.
Key Changes from the First Edition
The first edition of our book has been widely adopted in accounting departments at business schools throughout the United States, Canada, Europe, and the Pacific Rim. It has been used successfully at both the graduate and undergraduate levels as well as in investment banking, commercial lending, and other corporate training programs. Many of our colleagues who used the first edition have provided us with valuable feedback. Based on their input, we have made a number of changes in this edition of the book to achieve the objectives outlined above more effectively. Key changes include the following:
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