Thomas a Kempis was not a haphazard follower of Jesus. The depth of his masterpiece mirrors the life of a man who did whatever was necessary to imitate his own Savior. A Kempis lived as intentionally as he wrote. We must turn away from the things of this world, we must live sacrificially, we must be inundated with Christ's passionate teaching, and we must pray to be removed from distraction.
A classic in every state of the word, The Imitation of Christ places the fruit of one man's single-minded devotion to God's calling on his life within the reach of every reader. May we all commit to be this effective in our emulation of Jesus.
Moody Classics
Of all the factors influencing our spiritual growth and development, pivotal books play a key role. Learning from those who have walked the path and fought the fight brings wisdom and strengthens resolve. And hearing the familiar chords of kingdom living sung by voices from other times can penetrate cultural barriers that limit our allegiance to the King. To this end, Moody Publishers is honored to introduce the first six volumes in what is to be an ongoing series of spiritual classics. Selected for their enduring influence and timeless perspective, these new editions promise to shape the lives of spiritual pilgrims for generations to come.
"synopsis" may belong to another edition of this title.
THOMAS A’KEMPIS (1380-1471) was a Dutch priest, monk, and writer born in Kempen, Germany. He attended a school near Deventer in Holland. Thomas of Kempen, as he was known at school, was so impressed by his teachers that he decided to live his own life according to their ideals. When he was 19, he entered the monastery of Mount St. Agnes and spent the rest of his long life behind the walls of that monastery. Thomas wrote a number of sermons, letters, hymns, and lives of the saints. The most famous of his works, by far, is The Imitation of Christ, a charming instruction on how to love God. The Imitation of Christ has come to be, after the Bible, the most widely translated book in Christian literature.
DR. ROSALIE DE ROSSET is a professor of Literature, English and Homiletics at Moody Bible Institute where she has been for forty-two years. She earned her M.A. in English from Northeastern Illinois University, M.Div. from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, and Ph.D. in Language, Literacy, and Rhetoric from The University of Illinois at Chicago. In addition to teaching, she regularly appears on Moody Broadcasting Network programs as a guest and co-host, and speaks at conferences and seminars. She lives on the northside of Chicago.
"There is no middle ground; our faith must be passionately focused on Christ, or we become earthbound, caught up with concerns, pleasures, and friends who will inevitably fail us."
Thomas a Kempis was not a haphazard follower of Jesus. The depth of his masterpiece mirrors the life of a man who did whatever was necessary to imitate his own Savior.
A Kempis lived as intentionally as he wrote. We must turn away from the things of this world, we must live sacrificially, we must be inundated with Christ's passionate teaching, and we must pray to be removed from distraction.
A classic in every state of the word, The Imitation of Christ places the fruit of one man's single-minded devotion to God's calling on his life within the reach of every reader. May we all commit to be this effective in our emulation of Jesus.
Introduction........................................................................................................................................................13THE FIRST BOOK Admonition Useful for a Spiritual Life1. Of the Imitation of Christ, and Contempt of All the Vanities of the World........................................................................................232. Of Thinking Humbly of Ourselves..................................................................................................................................283. Of the Doctrine of Truth.........................................................................................................................................314. Of Wisdom and Forethought in Our Actions.........................................................................................................................355. Of the Reading of Holy Scriptures................................................................................................................................376. Of Inordinate Affections.........................................................................................................................................397. Of Fleeing From Vain Hope and Pride..............................................................................................................................418. That Too Much Familiarity Is to Be Shunned.......................................................................................................................439. Of Obedience and Subjection......................................................................................................................................4510. Of Avoiding Superfluity in Words................................................................................................................................4711. Of the Obtaining of Peace, and Zealous Desire for Progress in Grace.............................................................................................4912. Of the Profit of Adversity......................................................................................................................................5213. Of Resisting Temptation.........................................................................................................................................5414. Of Avoiding Rash Judgment.......................................................................................................................................5815. Of Works Done in Charity........................................................................................................................................6016. Of Bearing With the Defects of Others...........................................................................................................................6217. Of a Retired Life...............................................................................................................................................6418. Of the Examples of the Holy Fathers.............................................................................................................................6619. Of the Exercises of a Good Religious Person.....................................................................................................................6920. Of the Love of Solitude and Silence.............................................................................................................................7321. Of Compunction of Heart.........................................................................................................................................7822. Of the Consideration of Human Misery............................................................................................................................8123. Of Meditation on Death..........................................................................................................................................8624. Of Judgment, and the Punishment of Sinner.......................................................................................................................9125. Of the Zealous Amendment of Our Whole Life......................................................................................................................96THE SECOND BOOK Admonitions Tending to Things Internal1. Of the Inward Life...............................................................................................................................................1052. Of Humble Submission.............................................................................................................................................1103. Of a Good Peaceable Man..........................................................................................................................................1124. Of a Pure Mind, and Simple Intention.............................................................................................................................1153. Of the Consideration of One's Self...............................................................................................................................1176. Of the Joy of a Good Conscience..................................................................................................................................1197. Of the Love of Jesus Above All Things............................................................................................................................1228. Of Familiar Converse With Jesus..................................................................................................................................1249. Of the Want of All Comfort.......................................................................................................................................12810. Of Gratitude for the Grace of God...............................................................................................................................13311. How Few Are the Lovers of the Cross of Jesus....................................................................................................................13612. Of the King's Highway of the Holy Cross.........................................................................................................................139THE THIRD BOOK Of Internal Consolations1. Of Christ's Speaking Inwardly to the Faithful Soul...............................................................................................................1492. That the Truth Speaketh Inwardly Without Noise of Words..........................................................................................................1513. That the Words of God Are to Be Heard With Humility, and That Many Weigh Them Not................................................................................1534. That We Ought to Live in Truth and Humility Before God...........................................................................................................1575. Of the Wonderful Effect of Divine Love...........................................................................................................................1606. Of the Proof of a True Lover of Christ...........................................................................................................................1647. Of Concealing Grace Under the Guard of Humility..................................................................................................................1688. Of a Mean Conceit of Ourselves in the Sight of God...............................................................................................................1729. That All Things Are to Be Referred Unto God as Their Last End....................................................................................................17410. That to Despise the World and Serve God Is a Sweet Life.........................................................................................................176ll. That the Longings and Desires of Our Hearts Are to Be Examined and Moderated....................................................................................18012. Of the Growth of Patience in the Soul, and of Striving Against Concupiscence....................................................................................18213. Of the Obedience of One in Humble Subjection, After the Example of Jesus Christ.................................................................................18514. Of the Duty of Considering the Secret Judgments of God, That So We Be Not Lifted Up for Anything Good in Us.....................................................18715. In Everything Which We Desire, How We Ought to Stand Affected, and What We Ought to Say.........................................................................19016. That True Comfort Is to Be Sought in God Alone..................................................................................................................19317. That All Our Anxieties Are to Be Placed on God..................................................................................................................19518. That Temporal Miseries Must Be Borne Patiently, After the Example of Christ.....................................................................................19719. Of the Endurance of Injuries, and of the Proof of True Patience.................................................................................................20020. Of the Confession of Our Own Infirmities, and of the Miseries of This Life......................................................................................20321. That We Are to Rest in God Above All Things Which Are Good, and Above All His Own Gifts.........................................................................20622. Of the Remembrance of God's Manifold Benefits...................................................................................................................21022. Of Four Things That Bring Much Inward Peace.....................................................................................................................21324. Of Avoiding Curious Inquiry Into Other Men's Lives..............................................................................................................21725. Wherein Firm Peace of Heart and True Spiritual Progress Consisteth..............................................................................................21926. Of the Excellence of a Free Mind, Which Is Sooner Gained by Humble Prayer Than by Reading.......................................................................22227. That It Is Self Love Which Most Hindereth From the Chiefest Good................................................................................................22428. Against the Tongues of Slanderers...............................................................................................................................22729. How We Ought to Call Upon God, and to Bless Him, When Tribulation Is Upon Us....................................................................................22830. Of Craving the Divine Aid, and Confidence of Recovering Grace...................................................................................................23031. Of the Contempt of All Creatures, to Find Out the Creator.......................................................................................................23432. of Self-Denial, and Renouncing Every Evil Appetite..............................................................................................................23733. of Inconstancy of Heart, and of Having Our Final Intentions Directed Unto God...................................................................................23934. That God Is Sweet Above All Things, and in All Things, to Him That Loveth Him...................................................................................24135. That There Is No Security From Temptation in This Life..........................................................................................................24436. Against the Vain Judgments of Men...............................................................................................................................24737. Of Pure and Entire Resignation of Ourselves for the Obtaining Freedom of Heart..................................................................................24938. Of Good Government in Things External, and of Having Recourse to God in Dangers.................................................................................25239. That a Man Should Not Be Fretful in Matters of Business.........................................................................................................25440. That Man Hath No Good of Himself, Nor Anything in Which He Can Glory............................................................................................25641. Of the Contempt of All Temporal Honor...........................................................................................................................25942. That Our Peace Is Not to Be Placed in Men.......................................................................................................................26043. Against Vain and Secular Knowledge..............................................................................................................................26244. Of Not Fetching Trouble to Ourselves From Outward Things........................................................................................................26545. That Credit Is Not to Be Given to All, and That Man Is Prone to Offend in Words.................................................................................26746. Of Putting Our Trust in God When Evil Words Arise...............................................................................................................27147. That All Grievous Things Are to Be Endured for Be Sake of Eternal Life..........................................................................................27448. Of the Day of Eternity and This Life's Straitnesses.............................................................................................................27749. Of the Desire of Everlasting Life, and How Great Rewards Are Promised to Those That Strive Resolutely...........................................................28150. How a Desolate Person Ought to Offer Himself Into the Hands of God..............................................................................................28651. That a Man Ought to Employ Himself in Works of Humility, When Strength Is Wanting for Higher Employments........................................................29152. That a Man Ought Not to Account Himself as Worthy of Comfort, but Rather as Deserving of Chastisement...........................................................29353. That the Grace of God Doth Not Join Itself With Those Who Cherish Earthly Things................................................................................29654. Of the Different Motions of Nature and Grace....................................................................................................................29955. Of the Corruption of Nature, and of the Efficacy of Divine Grace................................................................................................30456. That We Ought to Deny Ourselves and Imitate Christ by the Cross.................................................................................................30857. That a Man Should Not Be Too Much Dejected Even When He Falleth Into Some Defects...............................................................................31158. That High Matters, and God's Secret Judgments Are Not to Be Narrowly Inquired Into..............................................................................31459. That All Our Hope and Trust Is to Be Fixed in God Alone.........................................................................................................320THE FOURTH BOOK Concerning the Sacrament A Devout Exhortation to the Holy Communion1. With How Great Reverence Christ Ought to Be Received.............................................................................................................3252. That the Great Goodness and Love of God Is Exhibited to Man in This Sacrament....................................................................................3323. That It Is Profitable to Communicate Often.......................................................................................................................3364. That Many Benefits Are Bestowed Upon Them That Communicate Devoutly..............................................................................................3395. Of the Dignity of the Sacrament, and of the Ministerial Function.................................................................................................3436. An Inquiry Concerning Spiritual Exercise Before Communion........................................................................................................3467. Of Thoroughly Examining Our Own Conscience, and of Holy Purposes of Amendment....................................................................................3478. Of the Offering of Christ on the Cross, and of Resignation of Ourselves..........................................................................................3509. That We Ought to Offer Up Ourselves, and All That Is Ours, Unto God, and to Pray for All.........................................................................35210. That the Holy Communion Is Not Lightly to Be Forborne...........................................................................................................35511. That the Body of Christ and the Holy Scriptures Are Most Necessary Unto a Faithful Soul.........................................................................36012. That He Who Is About to Communicate With Christ Ought to Prepare Himself With Great Diligence...................................................................36513. That the Devout Soul Ought With the Whole Heart to Seek Union With Christ in the Sacrament......................................................................36814. Of the Fervent Desire of Some Devout Persons to Receive the Body of Christ......................................................................................37115. That the Grace of Devotion Is Obtained by Humility and Denial of Ourselves......................................................................................37316. That We Ought to Lay Open Our Necessities to Christ and Crave His Grace.........................................................................................37617. Of Fervent Love, and Vehement Desire to Receive Christ..........................................................................................................37818. That a Man Should Not Be a Curious Searcher Into the Holy Sacrament, but an Humble Follower of Christ, Submitting His Sense to Divine Faith.....................381To Think About......................................................................................................................................................384
* * *
"He that followeth me, walketh not in darkness," saith the Lord. These are the words of Christ, by which we are taught, how we ought to imitate his life and manners, if we will be truly enlightened, and be delivered from all blindness of heart.
Let therefore our chief endeavor be, to meditate upon the life of Jesus Christ.
2. The doctrine of Christ exceedeth all the doctrines of holy men; and he that hath the Spirit, will find therein a hidden manna.
But it falleth out, that many who often hear the gospel of Christ, are yet but little affected, because they lack the spirit of Christ.
But whosoever would fully and feelingly understand the words of Christ, must endeavor to conform his life wholly to the life of Christ.
3. What will it avail thee to dispute profoundly of the Trinity, if thou be lacking in humility, and art thereby displeasing to the Trinity?
Surely high words do not make a man holy and just; but a virtuous life makes him dear to God.
I had rather feel compunction than understand the definition thereof.
If thou didst know the whole Bible by heart, and the sayings of all the philosophers, what would all that profit thee without the love of God, and without grace?
Vanity of vanities, and all is vanity, except to love God, and to serve him only.
This is the highest wisdom, by contempt of the world to tend toward the kingdom of heaven.
4. Vanity therefore it is, to seek after perishing riches, and to trust in them.
It is also vanity to hunt after honors, and to climb to high degree.
It is vanity to follow the desires of the flesh, and to labor for that for which thou must afterward suffer more grievous punishment.
Vanity it is, to wish to live long, and to be careless to live well.
It is vanity to mind only this present life, and not to foresee those things which are to come.
It is vanity to set thy love on that which speedily passes away, and not to hasten thither where everlasting joy abides.
5. Call often to mind that proverb that, "The eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear filled with hearing."
Endeavor therefore to withdraw thy heart from the love of visible things, and to turn thyself to the invisible.
For they that follow their lusts, do stain their own consciences, and lose the favor of God.
* * *
All men naturally desire to know; but what does knowledge avail without the fear of God?
Surely an humble husbandman that serveth God is better than a proud philosopher that, neglecting himself, laboreth to understand the course of the heavens.
Whoso knoweth himself well, is lowly in his own sight and delighteth not in the praises of men.
If I understood all things in the world, and were not charitable, what would that help me in the sight of God, who will judge me according to my deeds?
2. Cease from an inordinate desire of knowing, for therein is much distraction and deceit.
The learned are well-pleased to seem so to others, and to be accounted wise.
There are many things, which to know is of little or no profit to the soul:
And he is very unwise, that is intent upon other things than those that may serve for his salvation.
Many words do not satisfy the soul; but a good life comforteth the mind, and a pure conscience giveth great assurance in the sight of God.
3. How much the more thou knowest, and how much the better thou understandest, so much the more severely shalt thou therefore be judged, unless thy life be also more holy.
Be not therefore extolled in thine own mind for any art or science which thou knowest, but rather let the knowledge given thee make thee more humble and cautious.
If thou thinkest that thou understandest and knowest much; know also that there be many things more which thou knowest not.
Do not seem to be overwise, but rather acknowledge, thine own ignorance.
Why wilt thou prefer thyself before others, since there be many more learned, and more skillful in the Scripture than thou art?
If thou wilt know or learn anything profitably, desire to be unknown, and to be little esteemed by man.
4. The highest and most profitable reading is the true knowledge and consideration of ourselves.
It is great wisdom and perfection to esteem ourselves as nothing, and to think always well and highly of others.
If thou shouldest see another openly sin, or commit some heinous offence, yet oughtest thou not to esteem the better of thyself; for thou knowest not how long thou shah be able to remain in good estate.
We are all frail, but thou oughtest to hold none more frail than thyself.
* * *
Happy is he whom truth by itself doth teach, not by figures and words that pass away; but as it is in itself.
Our own opinion and our own sense do often deceive us, and they discern but little.
What availeth it to make a great dispute about dark and hidden things; whereas for being ignorant of them we shall not be so much as reproved at the day of judgment?
It is a great folly to neglect the things that are profitable and necessary, and give our minds to that which is curious and hurtful: we have eyes and see not.
2. And what have we to do with genus and species?
He to whom the Eternal Word speaketh, is delivered from a world of unneccessary conceptions.
From that one Word are all things, and all speak that one; and this is the beginning, which also speaketh unto us.
No man without that Word understandeth or judgeth rightly.
He to whom all things are one, he who reduceth all things to one, and seeth all things in one; may enjoy a quiet mind, and remain peaceable in God.
O God, who art the truth, make me one with thee in everlasting charity.
It is tedious to me often to read and hear many things: in thee is all that I would have and can desire.
Let all doctors hold their peace; let all creatures be silent in thy sight; speak thou alone unto me.
3. The more a man is united within himself, and becometh inwardly simple, so much the more and higher things doth he understand without labor; for that he receiveth intellectual light from above.
A pure, sincere, and stable spirit is not distracted, though it be employed in many works; because it works all to the honor of God, and inwardly being still and quiet, seeks not itself in anything it doeth.
Who hinders and troubles thee more than the unmortified affections of thine own heart?
A good and godly man arranges within himself beforehand those things which he is outwardly to act;
Neither do they draw him according to the desires of an evil inclination, but he ordereth them according to the direction of right reason.
Who hath a greater combat than he that laboreth to overcome himself?
This ought to be our endeavor, to conquer ourselves, and daily to wax stronger and to make a further growth in holiness.
4. All perfection in this life hath some imperfection mixed with it; and no knowledge of ours is without some darkness.
An humble knowledge of thyself is a surer way to God than a deep search after learning;
Yet learning is not to be blamed, nor the mere knowledge of anything whatsoever to be disliked, it being good in itself, and ordained by God; but a good conscience and a virtuous life is always to be preferred before it.
But because many endeavor rather to get knowledge than to live well; therefore they are often deceived, and reap either none, or very slender profit.
5. Oh, if men bestowed as much labor in the rooting out of vices, and planting of virtues, as they do in moving of questions, neither would there be so much hurt done, nor so great scandal be given in the world, nor so much looseness be practiced in monasteries.
Truly, at the day of judgment we shall not be examined what we have read, but what we have done; not how well we have spoken, but how virtuously we have lived.
Tell me now, where are all those doctors and masters, with whom thou wert well acquainted, while they lived and flourished in learning?
Now others possess their livings and perhaps do scarce ever think of them. In their lifetime they seemed something, but now they are not spoken of.
6. Oh, how quickly doth the glory of the world pass away! Oh, that their life had been answerable to their learning! then had their study and reading been to good purpose.
How many perish by reason of vain learning in this world, who take little care of the serving of God:
And because they rather choose to be great than humble, therefore they become vain in their imaginations.
He is truly great, that is great in charity.
He is truly great that is little in himself, and that maketh no account of any height of honor.
He is truly wise, that accounteth all earthly things as dung, that he may gain Christ.
And he is truly learned, that doeth the will of God, and forsaketh his own will.
* * *
We must not give car to every saying or suggestion, but ought with caution and patience to ponder things according to the will of God.
But alas! such is our weakness, that we often rather believe and speak evil of others than good.
Those that are perfect men do not easily give credit to everything one tells them; for they know that human frailty is prone to evil, and likely to fail in words.
2. It is great wisdom not to be rash in thy proceedings, nor to stand stiffly in throe own opinions;
As also not to believe everything which thou hearest, nor presently to relate again to others what thou hast heard or dost believe.
Consult with him that is wise and conscientious and seek to be instructed by a better than thyself, rather than to follow thine own inventions.
A good life maketh a man wise before God, and giveth him experience in many things.
The more humble a man is in himself, and the more subject unto God; so much the more prudent shall he be in all his affairs, and enjoy greater peace and quiet of heart.
* * *
Truth, not eloquence, is to be sought for in Holy Scripture.
Each part of the Scripture is to be read with the same spirit in which it was written.
We should rather search after our spiritual profit in the Scriptures, than subtilty of speech.
We ought to read plain and devout books as willingly as high sounding and profound ones.
Let not the authority of the writer offend thee, whether he be of great or small learning; but let the love of pure truth draw thee to read.
Search not who spoke this or that, but mark what is spoken.
2. Men pass away, but the truth of the Lord remaineth for ever. God speaks unto us in different ways, without respect of persons.
Our own curiosity often hindereth us in reading of the Scriptures, when as we will examine and discuss that which we should rather pass over without more attention.
If thou desire to reap profit, read with humility, simplicity, and faithfulness; nor ever desire the reputation of learning.
Inquire willingly, and hear with silence the words of holy men; dislike not the parables of the elders, for they are not recounted without cause.
* * *
Whensoever a man desireth anything inordinately, he becomes restless in himself.
The proud and covetous call never rest. The poor and humble in spirit live together in all peace.
The man that is not yet perfectly dead to himself, is quickly tempted and overcome in small and trifling things.
The weak in spirit, and he that is yet in a manner carnal and delights in the pleasures of the senses, can hardly withdraw himself altogether from earthly desires:
And therefore he is often afflicted, when he withdraws himself from them, and easily falleth into anger, when any opposition is made against him.
2. And if he hath followed therein his inclination, he is presently disquieted with remorse of conscience; because he yielded to his passion, which profiteth him nothing in obtaining the peace he sought for.
True quietness of heart therefore is gotten by resisting our passions, not by obeying them.
There is then no peace in the heart of a carnal man, nor in him that is addicted to outward things, but in the spiritual and devout man.
CH7[ Of Fleeing From Vain Hope and Pride
* * *
He is vain that putteth his trust in man, or creatures.
Be not ashamed to serve others for the love of Jesus Christ; nor to be esteemed poor in this world.
Presume not upon thyself, but place thy hope in God.
Do what lieth in thy power, and God will assist thy good intention.
Trust not in thine own know edge, nor in the subtilty of any living creature; but rather in the grace of God, who helpeth the humble, and humbleth those that are proud.
2. Glory not in wealth if thou have it, nor in friends, who are powerful; but in God who giveth all things, and above all desireth to give thee himself.
Extol not thyself for the height of thy stature or beauty of thy person, which may be disfigured and destroyed with a little sickness.
Take not pleasure in thy natural gifts, or intelligence, lest thereby thou displease God, to whom belongs all the good whatsoever thou hast by nature.
3. Esteem not thyself hotter than others, lest perhaps in the sight of God, who knoweth what is in man, thou be accounted worse than they.
Be not proud of well-doing; for the judgment of God is far different from the judgment of men, and that often offendeth him which pleaseth them.
If there be any good in thee, believe that there is much more in others, that so thou mayest preserve humility within thee.
It is not harmful unto thee to debase thyself under all men; but it is very injurious to thee to prefer thyself before any one man.
The humble enjoy continual peace, but in the heart of the proud is envy, and frequent indignation. ]CH7
CH8[ That Too Much Familiarity Is to Be Shunned
* * *
Lay not thy heart open to every one; but discuss thy affairs with the wise and such as fear God.
Converse not much with young people and strangers.
Flatter not the rich: neither do thou appear willingly before great personages.
Keep company with the humble and plain ones, with the devout and virtuous; and confer with them of those things that may edify. Be not familiar with any woman; but in general commend all good women to God.
Desire to be familiar with God alone and his angels, and avoid the acquaintance of men.
2. We must have charity toward all, but familiarity is not expedient.
Sometimes it happens, that a person unknown to us is much esteemed, from the good report given of him by others; whose presence nevertheless is not pleasing to the eyes of the beholders.
We think sometimes to please others by our company, and we rather offend them with those bad qualities which they discover in us. ]CH8
CH9[ Of Obedience and Subjection
* * *
It is a great thing to live in obedience, to be under a superior, and not to be our own judges.
It is much safer to obey than to govern.
Many live under obedience, rather for necessity than for love; such are discontented, and do easily suffer. Neither can they attain to freedom of mind, unless they willingly and heartily put themselves under obedience for the love of God.
Go whither thou wilt, thou shalt find no rest, but in humble subjection under the government of a superior. The imagination and change of places have deceived many.
2. True it is, that every one willingly cloth that which agreeth with his own tastes; and is apt to esteem those most that are of his own mind;
But if God be among us, we must sometimes cease to adhere to our own opinion for the sake of peace.
Who is so wise that he can fully know all things?
Be not therefore too confident in thine own opinion; but be willing to hear the judgment of others.
It that which thou thinkest is good, and yet thou partest with it for God, and followest the opinion of another, it shall be better for thee.
(Continues...) ]CH9
Excerpted from The Imitation of Christby THOMAS KEMPIS Copyright © 2007 by Moody Bible Institute. Excerpted by permission.
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