Master the fundamentals of reasoning with a classic in logical theory. This edition presents a clear, step-by-step guide to both deductive and inductive logic, from basic propositions to complex inferences.
The book offers a rigorous, self-contained introduction that frames logic as a tool for scientific and everyday thinking. It surveys the structure of propositions, the role of terms, and the rules governing immediate and mediate inference, while linking these ideas to causation, induction, and hypothesis testing. Rich in examples and systematic canons, it helps readers see how arguments are built, tested, and refined.
- Definitions and analysis of propositions, terms, and their denotation
- Formal and informal inference, including syllogisms and the square of opposition
- Inductive reasoning, canons of direct induction, and the logic of causation
- Discussion of hypotheses, observation, experiment, and the role of evidence
Ideal for readers of philosophy, logic, or anyone seeking a disciplined approach to argument and evidence, this edition suits students, teachers, and general readers alike.