Excerpt from The War and the World's Money Markets: Speech by Sir Edward H. Holden, Bart., Chairman of the London City and Midland Bank, Limited
Having dealt with the domestic side, let us examine the international side. In considering this side, we must remember that Germany has a population of about 70 millions of people who have to be fed, clothed, and largely provided with employment. In 1913 imports into Germany amounted to about 535 millions sterling, and of this 228 millions came from the Allies and their Colonies. The war reduces Ger many's imports at one stroke to about 307 millions sterling. A considerable amount of these imports consisted of food products, a large proportion of which came fronr the Allies. Having regard to the control which the Allies have over the seas, and further to the fact that the Allies' ships as well as German ships are. No longer available for the carrying of freight to Germany, will the whole of this amount of 307 millions still find its way into Germany always keeping before us the fact that German importers will offer greatly enhanced prices to secure what is absolutely necessary for them? For example, it is alleged that cotton, which costs from 6-8 cents per lb. In America, is being sold at from 18-20 cents per lb. In German ports. These imports cannot be paid for by the notes of the War Banks and the Credit Ban-ks or even by the notes of the Reichsbank, and they must be paid for either by exports, securities, or gold. It was feared that securities held by Germans might find their way on -to the London Stock Exchange but restrictions of such a. Nature have been placed On transactions there that such a contingency will be prevented, and it would appear that restrictions have also been placed on other Stock Exchanges, although perhaps not to so great an extent as in London. Assuming, therefore, that-the difficulties placed in the way of the realisation of securities held by Germans are insurmountable, the only two ways remaining of paying for her imports are by exports and by gold. As one of our objects in taking part in the war has been to prevent the annihilation of small States, the action of such countries as Denmark Sweden, Norway, Hol land, Italy, Bulgaria, and Roumania in assisting our enemies with food and other commodities appears both ungrateful and suicidal.
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