21st Century Essential NBC Reference Series: Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2003 (Bioterrorism, . Destruction WMD, First Responder Ringbound)

This annual report from the Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense Program (CBDP), issued in April 2003, provides comprehensive information on joint service chemical and biological defense programs.

The Introduction provides a background of the rationale and purpose of the DoD CBDP. This section summarizes the key counterproliferation priorities and the current CB warfare threats to U.S. forces. Intelligence documents tailored to the threat are essential for developing and updating requirements for CB defense programs. Each CB defense research, development, and acquisition effort funded within the program responds to a defined or validated threat. Variations among chemical and biological agents and each agent’s unique physical, toxicological, destructive, and other properties such as means of delivery require a capabilities based response. Intelligence efforts continue to emphasize collection and analysis of nations’ dual-use chemical and biological industrial capabilities and develop the indications and warning of adversarial use or diversion of dual-use capabilities to weapons programs.

Chapter 1 describes the accomplishments, processes, and issues related to program management and oversight. This chapter provides an overview of the re-organization of the CBDP management structure that was initiated in 2002 and is being implemented during 2003. Chapter 2 provides information on medical and non-medical CB defense requirements and research, development, and acquisition programs. This chapter outlines plans and strategies for the development and acquisition of capabilities in each of the program commodity areas, including contamination avoidance, individual protection, collective protection, modeling and simulation, medical chemical defense, and medical biological defense. In addition, this chapter includes a "Special Report on Anthrax Vaccine Costs, Acquisition Strategy, and Related Issues". Research, development, and acquisition efforts to address homeland security, especially the threat from bioterrorism, are described at the end of this chapter. Chapter 3 provides an analysis of CB defense logistics posture. This analysis shows a continuing trend of maintaining a significant portion of CB defense items at low logistical risk, thus enhancing the warfighters’ abilities to sustain operations in an CB-contaminated environment. The analysis reviews the status of quantities, characteristics, and capabilities and limitations of all fielded CB defense equipment, industrial base requirements, procurement schedules, and problems encountered.

Chapter 4 assesses the status of CB defense training and readiness conducted by the Services. Each of the Services’ training standards and programs is reviewed. Chapter 5 provides information on the status of DoD efforts to implement the Chemical Weapons Convention, which was ratified by the United States and entered into force during 1997. This chapter also includes a summary of plans and activities to provide assistance to other countries in response to an appeal by another State Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention. Annexes A through E provide detailed information on Joint and Service-unique NBC defense equipment, including (A) contamination avoidance, (B) modeling and simulation, (C) protection, (D) decontamination, and (E) medical programs. Detailed descriptions are provided for systems and equipment that have been fielded, are in production, or are under development. Annex F provides a summary of funds appropriated, budgeted, and expended by the DoD CBDP. Annex G provides NBC defense logistics readiness data and a breakout of service war requirements, stocks on hand, and planned acquisitions. Annex H provides a statement regarding CB defense programs involving human subjects. No such testing has been conducted in over two decades, and none is planned. Annex I provides the text of the congressional language requiring this report. Annex J provides a list of acronym