Items related to A System Of Logic, Ratiocinative And Inductive

A System Of Logic, Ratiocinative And Inductive - Softcover

John Stuart Mill

  • 3.99 out of 5 stars
    126 ratings by Goodreads
 
9780371651322: A System Of Logic, Ratiocinative And Inductive

Synopsis

A System Of Logic, Ratiocinative And Inductive: Being A Connected View Of The Principles Of Evidence And The Methods Of Scientific Investigation by John Stuart Mill. The work surveys how scientists generate, test, and extend the laws that describe nature and the proper use and limits of hypotheses, induction, and probability in scientific reasoning. It distinguishes ultimate (fundamental) laws from derivative (explainable) ones, arguing that while hypotheses are indispensable to the deductive method they must be provisional and testable, with Newton’s method offered as a prime example. It treats progress and the accumulation of effects, empirical laws, chance elimination, and the calculation of chance as a rational inference from causes rather than mere frequency. The text develops a program for subsidiary operations of induction—observation, description, abstraction, naming, language, and classification—contrasting methods (chemical, geometrical, deductive, historical) and stressing consilience between theory and experience. It also sketches a scientific program for human nature and society (ethology and social science), with language and natural kinds as central tools for reliable inference, and advocates knowledge-based, adaptable policy guided by causal laws and purposive ends.

"synopsis" may belong to another edition of this title.