Elementary Lessons In Logic: Deductive And Inductive : With Copious Questions And Examples, And A Vocabulary Of Logical Terms by William Stanley Jevons presents a foundational English-language text on logic aimed at school and early university study. The work surveys the science of reasoning, emphasizing its dual facets: deduction and induction. Jevons outlines the three primary components of logical doctrine—terms, propositions, and reasoning (syllogism)—and then systematically develops them, beginning with definitions of terms and their varieties, the ambiguity of terms, and the extension versus intension of terms, before advancing to the analysis of propositions and the laws governing their opposition and conversion. The volume proceeds through the theory and practice of syllogisms, including moods, figures, and reductions, and introduces fallacies (logical and material). It then covers induction, the induction syllogism, methods of observation and experiment, and the modern refinement of inductive reasoning (quantification of the predicate, and the work of Boole and others). The book culminates with a broad discussion of method, empirical versus deductive approaches, and the philosophy of scientific language. The text is a rigorous, practical introduction to the logic of reasoning and scientific method, originally published in 1872 by Jevons.
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