Riddle of the Bones: Politics, Science, Race, and the Story of Kennewick Man - Hardcover

Downey, Roger

Hardcover

ISBN 10: 0387988777 ISBN 13: 9780387988771

Publisher: Copernicus, 2000

Synopsis

From its discovery in the Columbia River shallows three years ago, reporter Roger Downey has chronicled the epic adventures of the skeleton called "Kennewick Man": first as pretext for a media feeding-frenzy, then as centerpiece of a legal circus pitting celebrated scientists against Native Americans, the Corps of Engineers, and the Clinton White House, finally, at the long last, as object of rational scientist study. The saga of Kennewick Man offers abundant opportunity to explore todays rapidly changing scientific theories about how the Americans first came to be settled, and by whom. But it also casts light on the divisions within the fields of anthropology and archaeology concerning the role of politics and race in the pursuit of scientific goals, what constitutes ethical procedure in dealing with ancient remains, and the very purpose and direction of the scientific enterprise itself.

About this title

About the Author

Roger Downey attended the College of the University of Chicago and the University of Washington before stumbling into a career in journalism with the Seattle "underground paper" Helix in 1969. Since 1976, he has written for Seattle Weekly, while pursuing a career as playwright and translator.

Reviews

Any story that includes such a diverse cast of characters as the U.S. government, five Native American tribes (the Yakima, Nez Perce, Umatilla, Colville, and Wanapum), archaeologists, anthropologists, and the Asatru Folk Assembly (a pagan group that worships Old Norse gods) has to be fascinating. Such is the tale of Kennewick Man, whose remains have ignited a maelstrom that has yet to be concluded and will have long-ranging implications as to the ownership, treatment, and study of Native American remains. (Kennewick Man refers to an 8000-year-old skull found along the Columbia River in 1996 that proved to be of Caucasian origin, countering the theory that the earliest humans in North America came from Asia.) Downey, a Seattle-based reporter, presents a blow-by-blow account of the battle so far over Kennewick Man. At its core a sad story, since it does involve human remains, this is also somewhat comical at times. It has more twists and turns than most mystery novels and is an entertaining read. Recommended for public libraries. Thomas, curator of anthropology and former chair of the Department of Anthropology at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, uses the legal battle over Kennewick Man in his outstanding scholarly study of the root causes of the distrust between archaeologists and Native American groups. He carefully explores both sides of the issue, showing that while archaeologists have in the past taken great liberties with Native Americans and their culture, their work has sometimes been beneficial. He also attempts to show that it is possible to respect the concerns of Native Americans and conduct good research at the same time. His solution is certainly preferable to settling these issues in courthouses across the country. This important piece of work is highly recommended for all academic collections in the fields of archaeology, anthropology, history, and Native American studies.
-John Burch, Hagan Memorial Lib., Williamsburg, KY
Copyright 2000 Reed Business Information, Inc.

Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.

The original idea was, get together Sunday morning at Ryan Hickey's place in Richland, then everybody hop in Bill Ashley's pickup and hit on down to the river and beat the crowd. But what with the party the night before it wasn't till about 2 that Will Thomas and seven or eight friends rolled into the parking area next to Columbia Park, by which time the 31st annual Tri-City Water Follies unlimited-hydroplane races were half over, and the crowd along the mile or so of prime view riverbank on the Kennewick side of the Columbia between the golf course and the freeway bridge was packed about 50 feet deep.

If the front door was guarded, there still might be a way around the side. Thomas decided to take to the river. Persuading a couple of his buddies to show a little initiative too and stashing a cold brewskie or so under the waistband of his cut-off sweatpants, Thomas started picking a way through the shrubbery choking the riverbank between parking lot and golf course.

It was pretty nasty going. The temperature was close to 100 degrees; the humidity was verging on 100, too. Plus, the ground was mushy. And marsh grass and cattail choked the few patches of ground not blocked by the whippy grey-green tangle of Russian olive.

Once they made it to the water, the river itself was no prob. At this point the Columbia is a good half mile wide, but so shallow that you can wade out a hundred feet or more without the water getting much higher than your knees. Streamflows the previous winter had been highest in a hundred years, but now in summer the flow was sluggish, just fast enough to keep a fine mist of silt in suspension above the muddy bottom.

The gluey, adhesive mud along the bank sent Thomas wading out into the river looking for solider footing. Even 20 feet offshore the bottom wasn't much better, but the water was at least clear enough to see where you were putting your feet, and when you're barefoot and picking your way over a bottom as littered with the ditritus of a throwaway civilization as the Columbia's, that was something.

It was thus, squinting through the two-foot-deep water for safe footing, that Will Thomas saw what he thought was a smooth, round rock looming in his path, decided to screw with his pal Dave a little, and secured a modest place in the history of science of archeology. "Hey," he shouted to Deacy, reaching into the water and plucking out the rock, "we have a human head." And what do you know, that's exactly what they had: a complete human skull, rivermud oozing from its eyesockets and a double arc of brown teeth grinning in the sun.

---

Apart from the staff of the Tri-City Herald, few of the journalists covering the Kennewick Man story were reporters, professionally habituated to extracting nuggets of fact from more or less recalcitrant sources. Science writing, feature writing, editorial writing are all honorable branches of the trade, but they do not require or even reward the kind of devotion to the accumulation of possibly irrelevant detail which distinguishes their humbler colleagues on the sports, city hall, or police beats. If, instead, a crime reporter had been assigned to the Kennewick case, she soon would have been licking her lips and reaching for the phone.

The evidence which would have set one sniffing was abundantly available in two documents in the open court record. The first is a copy of a sketchy inventory of the Kennewick remains, belatedly submitted by Dr. Jim Chatters, completed before Coroner Johnson took possession of them at the behest of the Corps on the morning of Friday, August 30, 1996. The second, an almost exact complement of the first, is a copy of a three-page, handwritten bone-by-bone fragment inventory of the remains made in the presence of numerous witnesses on September 11, 1996 in the Battelle Institute storage locker where the remains had been secured six days before, on September 5.

In the most casual comparison of the two documents, it is glaringly obvious that bones described in detail in Chatters' survey are not mentioned at all in the later inventory. Far from being small or ambiguous fragments about which professionals might reasonably disagree, the bones in question are not only among the larger and more easily recognized even by a lay eye in the human skeleton; they are among the two or three most significant scientifically for students of the ethnic affinities of ancient humankind. If there were any ambiguity remaining, it turns out that the large bone fragments in question are clearly visible in photos and videotapes of the remains taken back in August '96 while still in Chatters's custody.

Why did it take the better part of two years for someone to compare the two inventories made just 12 days apart? Probably because it never occurred to anyone that there could be a reason to do so. But once made, all concerned were faced with a real-life version of one of the classic plot-lines of the traditional English murder-mysteries: "the locked room." From the time of Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes to the present, there are really only two variations on this plot line: Either somebody did get into the box, despite locked doors, registered keys, tamperproof tape and all; or the "missing" bones were never in the box in the first place.

In mystery stories, either alternative is equally likely; in real life, where probability, opportunity, and motive count for more than elegant plotting, anyone might be forgiven for thinking that the odds lean pretty strongly toward the second. Chatters critics would like to see him asked for a full account of his actions during the crucial days before the remains were turned over, this time under oath.

(c) 2000 Downey

Edition details

• Publisher: Copernicus
• Publication date: 2000
• Language: English
• ISBN 10: 0387988777
• ISBN 13: 9780387988771
• Binding: Hardcover
• Number of pages: 214