Dictionary of American Regional English, Volume I: Introduction and A-C - Hardcover

Cassidy, Frederic Gomes; Hall, Joan Houston

Hardcover

ISBN 10: 0674205111 ISBN 13: 9780674205116

Publisher: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1985

Synopsis

How do Americans really talk―what are their hometown, everyday expressions in the many regions and sections of this huge country? The Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), twenty years in preparation, answers these questions. It gives visible proof of the diversity―and the vitality―of American folk language, past and present.

DARE includes thousands of words and phrases not found in conventional dictionaries, and out-of-the-way meanings for common terms. Here are local names for familiar objects, from old cars to frying pans to dust-balls under the bed (176 names for these); for plants, animals, and critters real and imaginary; for rainstorms and heat waves; for foods, clothing, children’s games and adults’ pastimes; for illnesses and traditional remedies. Here are terms―salty, sarcastic, humorous―by which people describe each other, their physical appearance, characters, emotions, states of mind. Here are metaphors and similes galore.

In Wisconsin a man whose motives are suspect “has beans up his nose.” In Georgia a conceited person is “biggity”; someone important or self-important in the Northwest is “bull of the woods.” A close friend may be “bobbasheely” (Mississippi) or an “ace boon coon” (New York City). West of the Appalachians the old saw “I wouldn’t know him from Adam” becomes “I wouldn’t know him from Adam’s off-ox” (or, in the South, “from Adam’s housecat”). These and some twelve thousand other expressions are identified and explained in the first volume of DARE.

While DARE is the work of many dedicated people, it owes its existence to Frederic G. Cassidy, who in 1963 agreed to organize the project, raise funds for it, and serve as Editor-in-Chief. Cassidy trained teams of fieldworkers and equipped them with a carefully worded questionnaire: 1,847 questions grouped in 41 broad categories ranging over most aspects of everyday life and common human experience. From 1965 to 1970 the fieldworkers conducted week-long interviews with natives of 1,002 representative communities in all fifty states. The two and a half million items gleaned from the fieldwork, coded and computer-processed, are DARE’s primary data base, a rich harvest of regional Americanisms current in the seventh decade of this century. Earlier collections have been drawn upon as well, notably the 40,000 expressions recorded by the American Dialect Society since 1889; and some 5,000 publications, including regional novels and diaries and small-town newspapers, have been combed for local idioms.

A unique feature of the dictionary is the computer-generated maps that accompany many of the entries to show the geographical distribution of the term. The base map is schematic, distorting the areas of the states to reflect their population density.

Volume I includes extensive introductory material on DARE itself and on American folk speech. Its entries, from Aaron’s rod to czarnina, cover nearly a quarter of the total DARE corpus.

About this title

About the Author

Frederic G. Cassidy was Professor of English at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Reviews

Long in gestation, having been an original goal of the American Dialect Society in 1889, DARE is the result of 25 years of sustained work by its editor, with support from the NEH, universities, institutions, hundreds of volunteers, and 2,777 informants. Entries give definitions; pronunciation; alternative forms; examples; dated reference to sources, which include a unique questionnaire; and then clear indication of where the word is used. Computer-produced maps are a significant feature, as are extensive introductory articles about the maps, pronunciation, language changes, and the DARE project. In an attractive and readable design, on acid-free paper, at a reasonable price, DARE is an important and necessary purchase for academic and public libraries. William Wortman, Miami Univ. Lib., Ohio
Copyright 1985 Reed Business Information, Inc.

Edition details

• Publisher: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
• Publication date: 1985
• Language: English
• ISBN 10: 0674205111
• ISBN 13: 9780674205116
• Binding: Hardcover
• Number of pages: 903