Constitutional principles at the core of the United States government divide authority between market and state and within the structure of the state itself. This diffusion of authority is valuable because it defends against the excesses of national government, causing federal policy initiatives to be more attuned to the concerns of local jurisdictions, and creating a context in which free enterprise may flourish.
However, this diffusion of authority weakens the control that federal officials enjoy over resources vital to the implementation of national policy. To implement their plans, federal policy formulators must often call upon autonomous participants such as state or local governments, advocacy groups, or commercial interests. When federal policy challenges the perspectives, interest, or priorities of these participants, they become reluctant partners. These implementation participants enjoy substantial autonomy, making their cooperation in pursuit of federal policy goals uncertain and difficult to achieve. How, then, can the federal government secure the cooperation it needs to implement policy when the act of implementation empowers potential adversaries?
Reluctant Partners explores these problems and proposes strategies to reduce the impediments to cooperation and promote policy coordination. Drawing upon theories of regime development and cooperation, Stoker suggests the “implementation regime framework” to analyze the difficulties of realizing cooperation in the implementation process. The framework is illustrated with numerous vignettes and two extensive case studies: the National School Lunch Program and federal nuclear waste disposal policy.
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Robert P. Stoker is associate professor of political science at George Washington University.
“The 'reluctant partners' of Robert P. Stoker's title are federal administrative agencies and other participants in the implementation of federal domestic programs, such as state and local governments, community organizations, and business enterprises. . . . Stoker's fundamental claims are persuasive and very important. . . . His perceptive and innovative book should help set the agenda for subsequent research.”
—American Political Science Review
“Stoker judiciously builds on formal analysis and quantitative empirical evidence without losing general readers to jargon or complexity. . . . The result is a volume that offers a substantial contribution and is likely to influence research on this subject for years.”
—American Review of Public Administration
“Robert Stoker offers an interesting perspective and valuable contribution to the implementation literature.”
—Journal of Politics
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