As the contributors to this well-edited book make clear the process of splitting up and classifying the material record of constantly changing life is still a highly controversial and theoretical one. Some of the papers discuss how typologies are created to split one type of stone tool from another. Another paper focuses on the classification of landscape units examining issues such as the identification of `sites' during intensive survey. Such different fields of enquiry (imposing order on `time', `space' and `material') are pulled together by a great introduction which defines the problem and suggests theoretical ways of approaching it.
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The relativity of measurement is one of the paradoxes of science. While we seek to know something about the world, the nature of that knowledge depends on our tools. The apparent inconsistency between what we know and how and what we measure points to the importance of scientific method as a bridge between ideas and entities.
This volume emphasizes one aspect of scientific method: units of measure and their construction as applied to archaeology. Attributes, artifact classes, locational designations, temporal periods, sampling universes, culture stages, and geographic regions are all examples of constructed units. UNIT ISSUES discusses how units are defined, described, and evaluated within specified research contexts. Topics include projectile points as chronological markers, the Pecos classification, obsidian and ceramic sourcing, ceramic typology, the "Folsom problem," and landscape-scale units. Throughout the volume, emphasis is placed on the relationship between research goal and measurement. Because research drives the selection and construction of units, units are not treated as unvarying sets of absolutes.
Long overdue, this is one of the first treatments of archaeological units as they pertain to specific research and topical areas.
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