Developmental Dynamics in Humans and Other Primates: Discovering Evolutionary Principles through Comparative Morphology (Adonis Press) - Softcover

Verhulst, Jos

Softcover

ISBN 10: 0932776299 ISBN 13: 9780932776297

Publisher: Adonis Press, 2003

Synopsis

Belgian scientist Jos Verhulst presents the most thorough research to date elaborating an evolutionary theory first set forth by Dutch anatomist Louis Bolk in the early twentieth century. This theory is based on the proposition that dynamic principles inherent in the development of individual organisms are also at work in animal evolution as a whole. A chimpanzee fetus, for example, is strikingly similar to its human counterpart: its cranium is rounded, its face flat, and its hair is restricted to its head. As it develops, however, the chimp diverges from its original, humanlike form, assuming specialized apelike features.

In this detailed comparative study of numerous organs, Verhulst shows that, unlike the other primates, humans retain their original juvenile form. Standing Darwin on his head, he concludes that humans did not descend from apes; rather, apes evolved by diverging from a humanlike prototype. He also shows that our human tendency to retain our fetal form (fetalization, or retardation) is complemented by further development (hypermorphosis) of such organs as the legs, heels, forebrain, and larynx through which we attain our eminently human capacities of upright posture, thinking, and speech.

In the last chapter, Verhulst sketches a broad view of how retardation and hypermorphosis have worked together in animal evolution. He speculates, for example, that vertebrates evolved from invertebrates when ancient sea squirts (a form of tunicate, a marine invertebrate) retained their larval characteristics and developed them further as they evolved into fish. Sea squirt larvae are free-swimming and resemble tadpoles. Their brain includes a light-sensitive eyespot, and they have a rudimentary spinal cord. In their adult stage, however, they are sessile filter-feeders with neither nerve cord nor eyes. Verhulst postulates that primitive tunicates like the sea squirt retained their larval characteristics (through retardation) and evolved (through hypermorphosis) into fish, the first vertebrates. Following in a tradition as old as Darwinism, he proposes that, from the very beginning of animal evolution, these dynamics have led progressively toward the emergence of the human form. In this view, the gradually emerging human prototype is seen as the driving force and central trunk of the evolutionary tree, as the wellspring from which the animal world has sprung.

About this title

About the Author

Born in Londerzeel, Belgium in 1949, Jos Verhulst studied economics, chemistry, and philosophy and earned his doctorate in theoretical chemistry. His writings include a number of papers on chemistry, evolutionary theory, and comparative anatomy. He is author of a major work on quantum physics: Der Glanz von Kopenhagen: Geistige Perspektiven der modernen Physik.

Review

"Developmental Dynamics is a tour de force: a refreshingly original, profound and thought-provoking synthesis rooted in impressive scholarship." -- Martin Lockley, author of The Eternal Trail; Professor of Paleontology, University of Colorado

"If you are in any way curious about our origins, then I invite you to read this book." -- Kenneth McNamara, author of Shapes of Time: the Evolution of Growth and Development; Senior Curator, Invertebrate Paleontology, W.A. Museum, Perth, Australia

Edition details

• Publisher: Adonis Press
• Publication date: 2003
• ISBN 10: 0932776299
• ISBN 13: 9780932776297
• Binding: Paperback
• Language: English
• Number of pages: 432