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Elementary manual on applied mechanics specially arranged for the use of first-year Board of education, South Kensington, city and guilds of London institute, colonial and other engineering students - Softcover
Synopsis
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1902 edition. Excerpt: ...throughout the liquid to the other valves, and to every square inch of the internal surface of the vessel, with undiminished effect. Pascal's Law.--Fluids transmit pressure equally and in all directions. In the case of solids pressure is only transmitted however small that pressure may he, without being supported by lateral pressure, are called solids, and those which cannot are termed liquids." A perfect liquid is therefore one in which there is absolutely no resistance to a change of shape, although there may be practically an infinite resistance to change of volume. We say practically because, although liquids are more or less compressible to a very small extent, yet the amount is so small as to be negligible in the case of most engineering problems. Here the word fluid has been used instead of liquid, as being more general, since the term fluid includes both liquids and gases. Eefer to p. 2, Lecture I., for the distinction between a liquid and a gas. Transmission Of Pressure By Liquids. Horizontal Section.) along the line of its action, and therefore we have in this law an exemplification of the fundamental distinction between solids and fluids. In Lecture XIX. we will explain several machines that depend upon the principle enunciated by Pascal's law for their action. Head or Pressure of a Liquid at Different Depths.--Imagine a very small horizontal area, a (for instance, a square inch), situated at a depth or height, h, inches from the free surface of a liquid, and that the vertical column from, a, to the surface becomes solidified without in any way disturbing equilibrium. It is evident that the horizontal and the vertical forces on the solid column must be separately in equilibrium, otherwise motion would ensue. But the only...
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