Quantifying Non-Equilibrium in Hypersonic Flows Using Entropy Generation - Softcover

Carr, Ryan W

Softcover

ISBN 10: 1288331428 ISBN 13: 9781288331420

Publisher: Biblioscholar, 2012

Synopsis

The constitutive relations traditionally used for finding shear stress and heat flux in a fluid become invalid in non-equilibrium flow. Their derivation from kinetic theory only demonstrates they are valid only for small deviations from equilibrium. Because it is fundamentally linked to non-equilibrium, entropy generation is used to investigate the limits of the continuum constitutive relations. However, the continuum equations are inherently limited to near equilibrium conditions due to the constitutive relations; thus kinetic theory may be used as a basis for comparison. Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC), a particle method alternative to continuum methods, is based on kinetic theory and is used to develop a flow solution for benchmark comparison. Solutions were obtained for hypersonic flow over two axi-symmetric geometries using both a continuum solver and DSMC. Formulations for entropy generation are presented for each method, and the two solutions are compared. The continuum solutions fail to capture regions of non-equilibrium as evidenced by thicker shocks in the DSMC solution. To extend the useful range of the continuum constitutive relations, the Lennard-Jones model is offered as an alternative to Sutherland's Law for calculating viscosity and thermal conductivity. The two are compared, and parameters offering a good fit for these flows are suggested for the Lennard-Jones model.

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Edition details

• Publisher: Biblioscholar
• Publication date: 2012
• Language: English
• ISBN 10: 1288331428
• ISBN 13: 9781288331420
• Binding: Paperback
• Number of pages: 128