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AMPERE & FARADAY AMPERE, Andre-Marie. "Note de M. Ampère sur une Expérience de M. Hippolyte Pixii, relative au Courant produit par la rotation d'un aimant, à l'aide d'un appareil imaginé par M. Hippolyte Pixii," and FARADAY, Michael; "Lettre adressé à M. Gay-Lussac par M. Faraday sur les Phénomènes électro-magnétiques. Both in Annales de Chimie et de Physique, Paris, Crochard, 1832, volume 51, 444pp, 3 plates (two folding).[++] AMPERE, Andre-Marie. Note de M. Ampère sur une Expérience de M. Hippolyte Pixii, relative au Courant produit par la rotation d'un aimant, à l'aide d'un appareil imaginé par M. Hippolyte Pixii," pp 76-79. Ampere addresses the work of Antoine Hippolyte Pixii (1808-1835), who in 1832 created a generator that was based on the 1831 design of Michal Faraday. Pixii however added a commutator to his machine something that Faraday had not and thus introduced the "dynamo", a machine with the ability to transform alternating current to direct current, an alternating current electrical generation. [++] "In 1832 [Pixii] built an early form of alternating current electrical generator, based on the principle of electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday. Pixii's device was a spinning magnet, operated by a hand crank, where the north and south poles passed over a coil with an iron core, and thus classified as a magneto."--Wikipedia [++] "In 1832, following Hans Christian Oersted's discoveries, Pixii constructed a hand-cranked machine that rotated a magnet past a bar of iron wrapped with wire. This produced alternating current, which he converted to direct current. Although superseded by more efficient devices using electromagnets, Pixii's device was the first bona fide electrical generator constructed, and it paved the way for subsequent devices."--Encyclopedia dot com [++] FARADAY, Michael; "Lettre adressé à M. Gay-Lussac par M. Faraday sur les Phénomènes électro-magnétiques", pp 404-434. First printing of Faraday's famous letter to Gay-Lussac in which he lays claim to be the discoverer of electro-magnetic induction, trying to protect his priority as the inventor. The letter was later translated into English and published in "Philosophical Magazine" series 3 vol 17 p. 271 1840 under the title "On Magneto-electric Induction." [++] Faraday writes at the opening of this public letter: "I BEG to address to you the following pages upon the subject of electro-magnetism, and request the favour of their insertion in the Annales de Chimie et de Physique. They may, I fear, provoke a controversy that I would willingly avoid; but under the existing circumstances I feel compelled to adopt the present course of proceeding, for silence, should I maintain it, would be regarded as an admission of error, not only in a philosophical, but also in a moral point of view, from which I believe myself wholly exempt. You will undoubtedly understand that I allude to the Memoir by Messrs. Nobili and Antinori. I address myself to you, because your judgment was sufficiently favourable to my former memoir for it to obtain a place in your excellent and truly philosophical Journal ; and because Messrs. Nobili and Antinori's memoir being also inserted, the Annales contain all that has been written upon the subject." [++] Also in this volume: MARIANINI, Mémoire sur les Phénomènes que présente un arc métallique plongeant par des surfaces inégales à ses extrémités dans deux portions séparées d'un même fluide lorsqu'il sert à conduire l'électric-ité de l'une à l'autre." AND: HACHETTE, "De l'Action chimique produite par l'Induction électrique," and many others.
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