Synopsis
Bôrô-Boudour Dans L'île De Java, Dessiné Par Ou Sous La Direction De F.C. Wilsen, Avec Texte Descriptif Et Explicatif, Rédigé, D'après Les Mémoires De F.C. Wilsen, J.F.G. Brummund Et Autres Documents, Publ. Par C. Leemans — Conradus Leemans. This scholarly work provides a detailed, composite study of Borobudur’s reliefs and Java’s ancient heritage. It juxtaposes relief scenes and material culture with contemporary Java, emphasizing architectural forms, ritual life, and the blending of Indian Buddhist-Hindu motifs with local symbolism. The volume surveys costume, insignia, iconography, architecture, domestic life, utensils, transport, tools, weapons, music, social structure, and gender, showing how patronage and ceremonial display shaped the monumental program. Part 1 describes the Borobudur site, its terrace plan, the lower temple, and decorative schemes; Part 2 analyzes the interior galleries as didactic Buddhist propaganda with mixed Brahmanical elements. Methodologically, photography is shown as insufficient for archival accuracy, with drawing and lithography foregrounded to preserve detail. The work argues that Borobudur predates Islamization and reflects cosmopolitan exchanges in ancient Java.
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