Apical seal of retrograde filling materials plays a vital role in determining the successful outcomes after endodontic microsurgery. The biocompatibility and physical properties of these materials are the focus of today's scientific research. Conventionally, amalgam and zinc-oxide eugenol based cements were commonly used, but over the time the clinical outcomes were not satisfactory. Calcium silicates based cements have shown excellent regenerative properties and satisfactory healing response with modern surgical techniques.This book explores the sealing ability of novel calcium silicate based cements i.e. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentine as retrograde filling material in endodontic microsurgeries.

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