Cellular Metamorphosis in Oral Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Histomorphometric Study of Epithelial Dysplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression

This book examines oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using histomorphometric analysis. It compares nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N:C) ratios in cases of severe dysplasia and OSCC, and correlates the findings with Bryne’s invasive tumor front grading system. Based on the analysis of 80 archival tissue samples using ProgRes software, the study reveals a progressive increase in nuclear abnormalities from dysplasia to carcinoma, with the highest N:C ratios observed in moderately differentiated OSCC. Statistical analysis confirms significant differences between groups, demonstrating that quantitative morphometry enhances diagnostic objectivity compared to subjective histological grading. The findings suggest that combining Bryne’s criteria with N:C ratio measurements may improve the prediction of tumor behavior, particularly at the invasive front, thereby offering clinicians better tools for prognosis and treatment planning in oral precancer and cancer management.