Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention : Current Debates and Research

Attention refers to our ability to selectively process the vast array of stimuli impinging upon our senses at every moment. The mental processes of attention are critical for allowing us to maintain focus and complete tasks efficiently, even within distracting environments. The brain mechanisms of attention have been studied for decades, yet much still remains unknown, and consensus on core issues remains elusive. A unique aspect of this book are chapters that highlight recent debates on critical issues in attention research. Each of these chapters includes a comprehensive discussion paper that is followed by peer commentaries and an authors' responses. These debates include whether attention can modulate activity of even the earliest cortical processing region and whether changes in white matter are critical for plasticity-related effects of attention training. In addition to these discussion chapters, the book presents cutting-edge research on some of the newest theories of attentional control and selective attention, including the influence of practice, epigenetics, reward, social interaction, and distractor suppression. These studies employ advanced cognitive neuroscience methods such as neurostimulation, functional neuroimaging pattern analysis, and the evaluation of oscillatory brain activity to shed light on the brain mechanisms underlying attention.

The chapters in this book were originally published as articles in various issues of the journal Cognitive Neuroscience.

Joseph B. Hopfinger is Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA, and Co-Editor-in-Chief of the journal Cognitive Neuroscience. He studies the neural mechanisms of attention and plasticity, using event-related potentials, functional MRI, and transcranial alternating current stimulation.

Scott D. Slotnick is Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Boston College, USA, Co-Editor-in-Chief of Cognitive Neuroscience, and author of Controversies in Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory. He employs functional magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and transcranial magnetic stimulation to investigate brain mechanisms underlying memory and attention.