Collateral Damage Guidelines

Some pages numbered, illustration pages not numbered, total of 16 pages, printed one side per sheet. Footnotes. Stapled in the upper left corner. Pencil erasure residue on front cover. This paper describes a recent effort by the US Army Nuclear Agency to developed a balanced set of collateral damage guidelines. Figure 1 presents some previously used collateral damage criteria. A discussion of the underlying philosophy is contained as well as a description of how the guidelines are being implements in the FM 101-31 series of manuals. Finally, the use of the guidelines is illustrated with two examples: Target-Oriented Analysis and Preclusion-Oriented Analysis. The dissemination of this paper will provide advanced information on this critically important to the US Army. Capt. Warshawsky was also the principal author of The New Nuclear Radiation Casualty Criteria, Nuclear Notes Number 3. A Department of Defense definition of nuclear collateral damage has been stated as undesired damage or casualties produced by the effects from friendly nuclear weapons. According to Wikipedia: Collateral damage is any death, injury, or other damage inflicted on an unintended target. In American military terminology, it is used for the incidental killing or wounding of non-combatants or damage to non-combatant property during an attack on a legitimate military target. In US military terminology, the unintentional destruction of allied or neutral targets is called friendly fire. In this paper, Capt. Warshawsky asserted that "There is a need then for a set of mutually balanced criteria which are conscionable, understandable and, most important of all, practicable. To this end, the philosophy of first selecting a degree of injury or damage and then determining the associated level of effect was adopted. A five percent incidence of potentially hospitalizing injuries and a five percent incidence of moderate structural damage at the leading edge of a populated area are proposed as reasonable collateral damage guidelines.…