Critical and Exegetical Handbook to the Gospels of Mark and Luke, Vol 2 Classic Reprint

Excerpt from Critical and Exegetical Handbook to the Gospels of Mark and Luke, Vol. 2

Vv. 1, 2. As, on the one hand, Matt. Iii. 1 introduces the appearance of the Baptist without any definite note of time, only with c'v 8é m2? Fiaépais e'xet'vate; so, on the other, Luke the first writer who frames the Gospel history into the great history of the world byg Giving precise dates, Ewald), in fulfil ment of his intention, i. 3, gives for that highly important starting-point of the proclamation of the Gospel hie quasi scena N. T. Panditur, Bengel) a date specified by a sixfold reference to the history of the period, so as to indicate the emperor at Rome and the governors of Palestine, as well as the high priest of the time, namely in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar. Augustus, who was succeeded by his step-son Tiberius, died on the 19th August 767, or the fourteenthyear of the era of Dionysius. See Suetonius, Octav. 100. Accordingly, it might appear doubtful whether Luke reckons the year 767 or the year 768 as the first; similarly, as Tiberius became co-regent at the end of 764, or in January 765 (tacit. Arm. I. 3 Sueton. Tib. 20 f. Velleius Paterculus, ii. Whether Luke begins to reckon from the commencment of the co-regency (ussher, Voss, Fagins, Clericus, Sepp, Lichtenstein, Tischendorf, and others), or of the sole government. Since, however, no indication is added which would lead us away from the mode of reckoning the years of the emperors usual among the Romans, and followed even by J osephus,1 we must abide by the view that the fifteenth year in the passage before us is the year from the 19th August 781 to the same date 782. See also Anger, zur Chronologie d. Lehramtes Christi, I., Leipzig 1848 Ideler, Chronol. I. P. 418.

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