David Garrick, a Critical Biography

The life of this actor, manager, play­wright, and eighteenth-century gentle­man is here refracted through the volu­rninous correspondence and analyses of roles, plays, and performances in this, no doubt final, biography of David Garrick.

As the direct result of modern scholar­ship accessible only since the 1960s, it is now possible to appraise fully the life of this remarkable person who was born in Lichfield 19February 1717,a child­hood friend of Samuel Johnson, who be­came the greatest English theatrical lu­minary who ever lived, and who when he died 20 January 1779was mourned by the nation and eulogized by Dr. Johnson as one whose death “eclipsed the gaiety of nations.”

For twenty-nine years (1747–1776) Garrick managed Drury Lane theatre, caring passionately for its well-being. His own acting set the pace for the per­formances, his discipline carried it on, and his theatrical innovations attracted the audiences on which the lives, hopes, and families of some 140actors, actress­es, singers, dancers, and others depend­ed. In addition, he wrote, adapted, or altered some 49 plays and wrote nearly 100 prologues.

What emerges from this big, new critical biography is a fully drawn por­trait of an eighteenth-century gentleman, with a wide range of acquaintances, elegant socially, morally, and personal­ly, and an engaging conversationalist with and respecter of women of mark and with his closest friends. He was also, as the evidence now shows, the solid link with his own age and the great dramatic artists of the past, from the Restoration playwrights to Massinger, Jonson, Shakespeare, and early English dram­atists.

George Winchester Stone, Jr., is Dean Emeritus of Libraries and Professor Emeritus of English at New York Uni­versity. He is a former Executive Secre­tary of the Modern Language Associa­tion of America and the editor of The London Stage, 1660–1800. Part 4: 1747–1776. He is now President of the In­ternational Federation of Modern Lan­guages and Literatures.

George M. Kahrl is Professor Emeritus of English at El­mira College, New York. He is the edi­tor, with David M. Little, of The Letters of David Garrick, and a writer on the works of Tobias Smollett.