Design and study of Antenna Beam Forming: A novel Antenna Beam-Forming Concept using Fractional Fourier Transform

The radiation pattern (or) directional pattern is one of the most desirable characteristics of antennas in all communication and radar applications. The directional pattern of an antenna plays virtual role in selecting an antenna for a specific application. According to user defined application, the radiation pattern shapes are numerous in number. The work reported in the literature is not optimum for a given application. For example very narrow beams are required for application like high angular resolution radars; very wide beams are useful for search radar applications. However, when it is desired to receive or transmit signals over a wideband of frequencies, the problem of widebanding a sensor array arises, because the beamwidth of a linear array decreases as the frequency increases. It is evident from the open literature no studies are made on the design of array antennas for the generation of wideband beams using fractional Fourier Transform. In view of this intensive investigations are carried out in order to produce useful wide band beams.