This book describes the development of sources of negative ions and their application in science and industry. It describes the physical foundations and implementation of the key methods of negative ion production and control, such as charge exchange, thermionic emission, plasma volume, secondary emission (sputtering) and surface-plasma sources, as well as the history of their development. Following on from this essential foundational material, the book goes on to explore transport of negative ion beams, and beam-plasma instabilities. Now in its second edition, the book has been substantially expanded and updated to address the many developments since it was first published, most importantly the development and investigation of cesiated surfaces with work function ~1.2-1.3 eV in conditions close to discharges in surface plasma sources. The book also includes a new chapter on development of conversion targets for high-energy neutral beam injectors, covering gas targets, plasma targets and photon targets for efficient conversion of high energy negative ion beams to neutral beams.
With exposition accessible at the graduate level, and a comprehensive bibliography, this book will appeal to all students and researchers whose work concerns ion sources and their applications to accelerators, beam physics, storage rings, cyclotrons, and plasma traps.
Dr. Vadim Dudnikov holds a Ph.D. in Accelerator Physics from the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, part of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. His array of substantial research accomplishments includes the development of charge exchange injection, the discovery, explanation and damping of the e-p instability (the electron cloud effect), and the discovery of the cesiation effect (enhancement of negative ion emission after adding cesium to the discharge); he has developed many different versions of surface plasma sources. He has extensive experience in both academia and industry, having held positions at (among others) the Budker Institute, Novosibirsk State University, the University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Fermilab, Superior Design, Inc., South Cross Corp and Brookhaven Technology Group, Inc. Since 2009, he has been the Principle Investigator in the development of ion sources, beam physics and diagnostics at Muons, Inc. Dr.Dudnikov is author or co-author of more than 200 publications and holds numerous patents.
