The Development of Sedentary and Nomadic Civilizations, 700 B.C. TO A.D. 250

Volume II presents an account of various movements of populations and the interrelations of their cultures in the heartland of Eurasia between 700 B.C. and 250 A.D. During this period, Central Asia saw the emergence of important nomadic tribal cultures, particularly the Kushans who overthrew the Greeks from Bactria and North-western India. Contacts between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indus Valley were reinforced by the campaigns of Alexander the Great and, under his successors, the progressive syncretism between Zoroastrianism, Greek religion and Buddhism gave rise to a new civilization instituted by the Parthians, known for its varied artistic creations. Ar the same time, during Kushan rule, Central Asia became the crossroads of a prosperous trade between the Mediterranean and China through the Silk Route.