The Dolphin Submarine Deal: Helmut Kohl and the History of German-Israeli Relations

This book uncovers the untold story behind one of the most significant episodes in the history of German-Israeli relations, revealing how Chancellor Helmut Kohl orchestrated Germany's approval and financing of the first Dolphin-class submarines for Israel. A process driven by security interests, alliance politics and Germany's lasting responsibility following the Shoah. Drawing on newly examined archival material, the book illustrates how the Gulf War, US pressure and Germany’s own identity converged to produce a precedent-setting decision that reshaped bilateral ties for decades.

Dr. Marcel Serr is a historian and political scientist. He lived and worked in Jerusalem from 2013 to 2017, an experience that deepened his fascination with the history of Israel and influenced his research perspective. Dr. Serr earned his Ph.D. from the University of Haifa. His published works include studies on biblical archaeology, the military history of Israel, and German-Israeli relations.