Effects of Sulfates and Sulfides on Biohydrogen Production: An Alternative Fuel Perspective: Sulfur Dynamics, Microbial Competition, and the Future of Renewable Hydrogen Energy

As the world confronts escalating energy demands, climate change, and environmental degradation, the search for clean, renewable, and sustainable fuel alternatives has become more urgent than ever. Among the promising green energy carriers, biohydrogen has emerged as a highly attractive solution due to its high energy yield, zero carbon emissions, and compatibility with future hydrogen-based energy systems. However, despite its enormous potential, large-scale biohydrogen production faces several biochemical, environmental, and operational challenges — particularly the inhibitory and competitive effects of sulfates and sulfides in biological systems. Effects of Sulfates and Sulfides on Biohydrogen Production: An Alternative Fuel Perspective offers a comprehensive and in-depth exploration of how sulfur compounds influence biohydrogen-producing microbial processes. This book bridges environmental chemistry, microbiology, biotechnology, and renewable energy engineering to present a holistic understanding of the role of sulfate-reducing bacteria, sulfide toxicity, metabolic competition, and system optimization in biohydrogen production technologies. Designed for researchers, graduate students, environmental engineers, energy scientists, and policymakers, this volume provides both fundamental scientific principles and practical strategies for overcoming sulfur-related barriers in hydrogen bioprocesses.