Synopsis
"Elements Of Logic: Comprising The Substance Of The Article In The Encyclopaedia Metropolitana" by Richard Whately is a 19th-century scholarly treatise that lays out a program for teaching argumentative composition as a disciplined extension of logic. The work blends preface, introduction, and the opening chapters with extensive digressions on history, method, and pedagogy. It defends a middle ground, treating rhetoric as an instrument for producing conviction through invention, arrangement, and delivery, while acknowledging the role of emotion and style. The program is fourfold: Invention and Arrangement of Propositions and Arguments; management of Passions (persuasion); Style; and Delivery (Elocution), with appendices collecting related extracts. It emphasizes clarity, unity, practicality, and exercises for novices, and cautions against sophistry and artificial tricks. Notable topics include propositions vs. arguments, classification of arguments, signs, testimony, probability, and analogical reasoning, all expressed with precise terminology. The text presents a rigorous pedagogical method, citing Aristotle, Cicero, Quintilian, Bacon, Campbell, and other authorities to ground its program for students and teachers of rhetoric.
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