Flame Retardants in Modern Materials: Risks, Solutions, and Sustainability

This book offers an in-depth, up-to-date exploration of flame retardant materials from technical, health, safety, and environmental perspectives. It traces the evolution from traditional halogenated retardants to modern, sustainable alternatives, detailing mechanisms (thermal absorption, barrier formation, gas-phase inhibition, char creation), material classes, and regulatory trends.The volume examines both global and Indian innovations, including bio-based, nanomaterial-enhanced, and phosphorus-nitrogen systems, highlighting risks, benefits, testing standards, and market dynamics. Balancing fire safety with environmental responsibility, it presents vital guidance for researchers, engineers, and policymakers advancing safer, sustainable fire protection technologies.