Freedom and Reactance

Brehm’s theory of psychological reactance in 1966 marked the beginning of a psychological investigation into the consequences of losing freedom. The concept “freedom” had been touched upon intermittently by disciplines such as political science and philosophy, and even on occasion by psychology, but Brehm’s treatment had been the first analysis of freedom to spark experimental investigations into the variety of reactions to infringements on freedom. Originally published in 1974, Freedom and Reactance was written to capture the many directions taken by the theory since 1966, and to integrate reactance theory with theoretical ideas that applied to some of the same phenomena. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.

Robert A. Wicklund (1941-2020), at University of Texas at Austin, USA at time of original publication.