Synopsis
A General System Of Chemical Knowledge: And Its Application To The Phenomena Of Nature And Art. In Eleven Vols. Antoine-François de Fourcroy. This volume, translated by William Nicholson and published as Volume IV in the series, surveys the salts that organize the new chemical knowledge, focusing on Earthy and Alkaline Carbonates, and the broader theory of saline compounds. Fourcroy reviews the discovery and characterization of earthy and alkaline carbonates, acknowledges early work by Black, Lavoisier, Bergmann, and others, and presents a systematic taxonomy of carbonates and related salts. He details the principal species (carbonate of barites, strontian, lime, pot-ash, soda; and ammoniacal variants), their physical properties, preparation, reactions with acids and heat, and their uses in chemistry, medicine, and industry. The work also includes a comprehensive discussion of the action of air on salts, the effects of water, and methods for analyzing minerals, including blowpipe experiments, crystallization, and double decomposition. The volume situates the salts within a larger theory of natural phenomena and mineralogy, illustrating how a rigorous, affinity-based framework can illuminate both nature and practical chemistry.
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