Generative AI and Data Privacy: A Comparative Legal Analysis of India, the United Kingdom and the EU

Generative artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming how information is created, processed and shared. Alongside its transformative potential, however, it raises complex legal questions concerning data privacy, personal information, transparency, accountability and the protection of fundamental rights. The ability of generative AI systems to process vast quantities of data and operate across borders has placed increasing pressure on traditional approaches to data governance. Generative AI and Data Privacy: A Comparative Legal Analysis of India, the United Kingdom and the European Union examines these emerging challenges through a comparative legal perspective. It explores how three important jurisdictions are developing and applying regulatory approaches to artificial intelligence and data protection, while considering the interaction between technological innovation and legal safeguards. The book examines key issues including the collection and processing of personal data, consent and lawful processing, transparency and accountability, automated decision-making, data subject rights, cross-border data transfers, regulatory compliance and the responsibilities of organisations developing or deploying generative AI systems. It also considers the challenges created by rapidly evolving AI technologies and the difficulty of maintaining effective regulation in a global digital environment. By comparing India, the United Kingdom and the European Union, the work identifies important differences as well as areas of convergence in emerging approaches to AI governance and privacy protection. Rather than treating regulation and innovation as opposing objectives, it considers how proportionate, predictable and adaptable legal frameworks can support technological development while protecting individual rights.This book is intended for students, researchers, legal professionals, policymakers, technology professionals and readers interested in the intersection of artificial intelligence, law and data privacy. It offers a structured examination of a rapidly developing field and contributes to the continuing discussion on how legal systems can respond to generative AI.