Genetically Modified Foods: Science, Safety, and Society

Conventional agriculture and breeding face significant challenges in meeting global food security and nutritional needs, due to low yield growth rates and diminishing arable land. Genetically Modified Foods (GMF), created through genetic engineering, offer a potential solution by enabling faster development of crops with enhanced yields, improved nutrition, and desirable traits, transcending the limits of conventional breeding. However, their adoption is accompanied by substantial biosafety concerns regarding human health and environmental impact, leading to intense debate and varied global regulations. This work aims to critically analyze the benefits, potential harms, and regulatory frameworks surrounding GM foods and their impacts on health and agriculture.