Harmony in Differences: An Introduction to Politeness in Intercultural Communication With China

This is the second title in the Navigating China series, written by leading experts in international business and cross-cultural communication. The book explores the vital role of “politeness” in communicating and conducting business in China―and what you should and shouldn’t do to ensure your success.

In the business world, politeness is far more than social etiquette―it’s a cornerstone of success. Relationships lie at the heart of business, and politeness is the glue that holds them together. Yet the way politeness is expressed can vary greatly across cultures, especially for foreigners working in China. In Chinese business culture, politeness is deeply rooted in respect for hierarchy, relationships, and long-standing traditions. A simple request that might seem direct and efficient in the West often requires greater attention to tone, humility, and relational context in China.

This book offers practical insights to help anyone doing business in or with China navigate cultural nuances, avoid common missteps, and master the art of politeness―unlocking stronger relationships and new opportunities.

Dr Catherine Hua Xiang is an established author and applied linguist. She is Head of East Asian Languages at LSE, Program Director of LSE’s BSc International Relations and Chinese course, as well as UK Director of LSE Confucius Institute for Business London. She is also a consultant to companies wishing to engage with China.