This Reprint brings together recent empirical and conceptual work on health and well-being in later life, reflecting multidisciplinary perspectives from psychology, gerontology, public health, and social sciences. Drawing on studies conducted across Europe and Asia, the volume examines key dimensions of aging today, including digital inclusion, cognitive health, loneliness, sexuality, spirituality, and quality of life. Contributors explore how social and environmental contexts shape aging experiences, how new technologies create both opportunities and exclusions, and how prevention, integrated care, and meaningful engagement can support healthier and more just aging trajectories. The Reprint also highlights persistent gaps, such as the limited attention to cultural, geographic, and socioeconomic diversity, and the underrepresentation of the oldest-old. Together, the articles show that aging is multidimensional and requires coordinated action across research, policy, and practice. By identifying both progress and unmet challenges, this Reprint offers an updated view of current trends. It underscores the need for inclusive, evidence-based approaches that address the complexity of aging in contemporary societies.