Heterogeneous Materials I : Linear Transport and Optical Properties

8. Rigidity and Elastic Properties: The Discrete Approach 8. 0 Introduction 8. 1 Elastic Networks in Biological Materials 8. 2 Number of Elastic Moduli of a Lattice 8. 3 Numerical Simulation and Finite-Size Scaling 8. 4 Derivation of Elastic Networks from Continuum Elasticity 8. 4. 1 The Born model 8. 4. 2 Shortcomings of the Born model 8. 5 The Central-Force Network 8. 6 Rigidity Percolation 8. 6. 1 Static and dynamic rigidity and ?oppiness of networks 8. 6. 2 The correlation length of rigidity percolation 8. 6. 3 The force distribution 8. 6. 4 Determination of the percolation threshold 8. 6. 4. 1 Moments of the force distribution 8. 6. 4. 2 The pebble game 8. 6. 4. 3 Constraint-counting method 8. 6. 5 Mapping between rigidity percolation and resistor networks 8. 6. 6 Nature of phase transition in rigidity percolation 8. 6. 7 Scaling properties of the elastic moduli 8. 7 Green Function Formulation and Perturbation Expansion 8. 7. 1 E?ective-medium approximation 8. 7. 2 The Born model 8. 7. 3 Rigidity percolation 8. 8 The Critical Path Method 8. 9 Central-Force Networks at Non-zero Temperature and under Stress 8. 10 Shortcomings of the Central-Force Networks 8. 11 Elastic Percolation Networks with Bond-Bending Forces 8. 11. 1 The Kirkwood-Keating model xiv 8. 11. 2 The bond-bending model 8. 11. 3 The percolation thresholds 8. 11. 4 The force distribution 8. 11. 5 Comparison of the central-force and bond-bending networks 8. 11.

 

This book describes and discusses the properties of heterogeneous materials. The properties considered include the conductivity (thermal, electrical, magnetic), elastic moduli, dielectrical constant, optical properties, mechanical fracture, and electrical and dielectrical breakdown properties. Both linear and nonlinear properties are considered. The nonlinear properties include those with constitutive nonlinearities as well as threshold nonlinearities, such as brittle fracture and dielectric breakdown.

A main goal of this book is to compare two fundamental approaches to describing and predicting materials properties, namely, the continuum mechanics approach and those based on the discrete models. The latter models include the lattice models and the atomistic approaches.

The book provides comprehensive and up-to-date theoretical and computer simulation analysis of materials properties. Typical experimental methods for measuring all of these properties are outlined, and comparison is made between the experimental data and the theoretical predictions. Volume I covers linear properties, while volume II considers nonlinear and fracture and breakdown properties, as well as atomistic modeling.

This multidisciplinary book will appeal to applied physicists, materials scientists, chemical and mechanical engineers, chemists, and applied mathematicians.

Muhammad Sahimi is Professor and Chairman of Chemical Engineering at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, and Adjunct Professor of Physics at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences in Zanjan, Iran. His current research interests include transport and mechanical properties of heterogeneous materials: flow, diffusion and reaction in porous media, and large-scale scientific complications. Among his honors are the Alexander von Humbodt Foundation Research Award, and the Kapitza Gold Medal.