Human Milk : Sampling and Measurement of Energy-yielding Nutrients and Other Macromolecules

Human Milk: Sampling and Measurement of Energy-Yielding Nutrients and Other Macromolecules presents comprehensive, rigorous, state-of-the-science information on the origins, analysis, concentrations and variation in energy-yielding nutrients and other macromolecules present in human milk. The book includes information on how best to collect and store milk for determining concentrations of these important milk constituents and considers how to conduct milk composition analysis in research, clinical and resource-poor settings. Written by a group of international experts who are actively conducting research related to human milk macronutrients, each chapter also provides cutting-edge rationale for what research is still needed in this evolving field.

In addition, the book also outlines challenges and opportunities faced by clinicians, industry leaders and regulators interested in adding these components to infant foods, human milk nutrient fortifier and formula.

• Presents analytical issues and challenges
• Contains information regarding optimal milk collection and storage procedures for each milk component
• Uses a systematic treatment of common factors relating to milk composition variation (e.g., time postpartum, maternal diet)
• Provides a brief summary at the end of each chapter
• Reviews the literature related to history/discovery, analysis, isoforms, origins/transport, variability, metabolism and research gaps

Dr. McGuire is an Associate Professor in the School of Biological Sciences at Washington State University specializing in lactation physiology and nutrition. A member of the faculty at WSU since 1995, she has focused on understanding how maternal diet influences milk composition and infant nutrition, mostly in the area of biologically-active lipids such as various trans fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Her research group has provided evidence that maternal consumption of industrially-produced trans fatty acids can cause milk fat depression and that CLA can be synthesized from trans-vaccenic acid in the mammary gland. Dr. Michelle McGuire collaborates with colleague Dr. Mark McGuire to study the human and bovine milk microbiomes. Shelley has been an active member of the American Society for Nutrition (ASN), having served as chair of the Human Milk and Lactation Research Interest Section (RIS), member of the Executive Board, National Spokesperson, and RIS director. She is also a long-standing, active member of the International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation (ISRHML), having received its Ehrlich-Koldovsky Award and currently serving as its secretary-treasurer. She is also author of two nutrition textbooks: Nutritional Sciences: From Fundamentals to Foods (in its 3rd edition) and NUTR. Dr. McGuire received her M.S. in Nutritional Sciences from the University of Illinois where she studied the effect of maternal selenium consumption on milk selenium content and her Ph.D. in Human Nutrition from Cornell University where she used animal models to study the interactions among maternal nutritional status, suckling behaviors, and duration of postpartum anovulation.

Dr. O’Connor received her M.S. and PhD from the University of Illinois. She received her clinical training at Kingston General Hospital in Ontario, Canada. Dr. O’Connor is currently a professor in the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto where she holds a Chair in Vitamin Research in Human Milk and Development. She also holds scientific appointments at The Hospital for Sick Children and Mount Sinai Hospital. She currently leads a Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada-funded research program which includes capacity to perform feeding trials with very preterm infants, wet laboratory facilitates to assess the macro- and micronutrient nutrient composition of human milk and dry laboratory space to carry out dietary analysis.