Ignition Sources: Fire, Explosion and Detonation

Contents: 1. Preliminary concepts and introduction. 2. Thermal ignition energy sources. 3. Chemical ignition energy sources. 4. Electrostatic ignition energy sources. 5. Shock waves as ignition sources. 6. Electromagnetic radiation ignition sources. 7. Formation of fires and explosions in solid combustibles. 8. Detonation of solid explosives. 9. Ignition of liquid fuels and explosives. 10. Ignition sources for confined and unconfined gaseous combustibles. 11. Unanticipated thermal ignition sources and threats. 12. Shock wave and impact threats for solid explosives. The present level of scientific advancement and technological innovations would not have been possible without fires, explosions and detonations; however, they also cause panic, fright and destruction. A large amount of scientific research work therefore continues on understanding, controlling and utilizing fires, explosions and detonations for the different applications. The recent wild forest fires, explosions and fires in hospitals and detonations from unintended sources have also motivated further work on mitigating their destructive influences. A fundamental study of the different ignition sources bringing about fires, explosions and detonations is presented in this book. Thermal, mechanical, chemical, electromagnetic radiation, electrostatic and shock wave energy sources are reviewed and their ability to initiate burning, explosions and detonations in solid, liquid and gaseous combustibles are dealt with. The confinement of the combustible plays a major role in its ignition and is considered for initiation of fires, explosions and detonations. The mitigation of explosions and detonations from the threats or insults of unintended ignition sources is also discussed. The book could serve as an invaluable reference for students in mechanical, aerospace, chemical and petroleum engineering specializing in combustion, detonation, explosions and safety. Working professionals involved in the manufacture, handling and application of high-energy materials for energy generation, propulsion and related areas and military and civilian personnel working in aerospace, mechanical, marine and chemical engineering would also find the book to be relevant and useful.…