Immunohistochemistry Basics and Methods

establishedmethodsandeasy-to-adoptprotocols, payingattentiontomoderndev- opmentsinimmunohistochemistry, suchasantigenretrieval, signalampli?cation, the use of epitope tags in immunohistochemistry, multiple immunolabeling or diagnosticimmunohistochemistry. Eachofthemethodsdescribedinthishandbook v vi Preface was provedby the authors; many of these methods are routinely used in daily practiceintheirinstitute. Allthepracticalmethodsadvocatedareclearlydescribed, withaccompanyingtables, andtheresultsobtainableareillustratedwithcolour micrographs. Acknowledgements We thank Vera Samoilova forthe perfect technical assistance and other colleaguesfromtheMu]nsterUniversityClinicforsharingprobesandreagents. IgorB. BuchwalowandWernerBo]cker Mu]nster Contents 1 AntibodiesforImmunohistochemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1 StructureofAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. 2 PolyclonalAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1. 3 MouseMonoclonalAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1. 4 RabbitMonoclonalAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 5 ProteinAandProteinGinImmunohistochemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 AntibodyLabelingandtheChoiceoftheLabel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2. 1 CovalentLabelingofAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2. 2 Non-CovalentLabelingofPrimaryAntibodieswith LabeledFabFragments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2. 3 EnzymeLabelsforLightMicroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2. 4 FluorophoreLabelsforFluorescenceMicroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2. 5 ColloidalGoldLabelsforElectronMicroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3 ProbesProcessinginImmunohistochemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3. 1 FixationinImmunohistochemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3. 1. 1 FixationinAlcoholsandAcetone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3. 1. 2 FixationinFormaldehyde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3. 1. 3 EffectofFormaldehydeFixationon Antigen AntibodyBinding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3. 2 Paraf?nSectionsforImmunohistochemicalAnalysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3. 2. 1 EmbeddingandCutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3. 2. 2 MountingParaf?nSectionsontoSlides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3. 3 CryosectionsforImmunohistochemicalAnalysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3. 4 BuffersforWashingandAntibodyDilution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3. 5 MountingFollowingImmunohistochemicalStaining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3. 6 StorageFollowingImmunohistochemicalStaining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 vii viii Contents 4 WorkingwithAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4. 1 DirectImmunostainingMethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4. 2 IndirectImmunostainingMethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4. 3 TheChoiceofAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 4. 3. 1 TheChoiceofPrimaryAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 4. 3. 2 TheChoiceofSecondaryAntibodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ."

From the reviews:

“Immunohistochemistry: Basics and Methods, a new book that aims to make the technique accessible to a wide audience. ... The text is easy to read and practical ... . this book is an effective primer on the science and technique of immunohistochemistry. I would recommend ... particularly to those who are themselves doing a significant amount of hands-on immunohistochemistry or for those seeking to develop the technique in their department. Indeed anyone involved in the interpretation of immunohistochemistry would benefit from reading this book.” (Colan Ho-Yen, ACP News, Spring, 2011)