Improve the performance of the DSSCs by Iron oxides nanoparticles: A novel synthesis of the phases Iron oxide NPs and their role in the performance of the Dye-sensitized solar cells

Different phases of iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by two methods (electrochemical deposition F1 to F3 and photo-irradiation F4 to F12 using salt or complex solution of iron ) and silver nanoparticles by chemical reduction method. the morphological, structural, and optical properties of synthesized nanoparticles were determinate using X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Zeta potential Analyzer, Uv-visible spectrophotometer, and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscope. These techniques prove that the average size of nanoparticles was 21 to 45 nm by electrochemical method and 12 to 28 nm by photolysis method. the synthesized nanoparticles were tested to improve the performance of the dye-sensitized solar cell : (ITO/ iron oxide Nps/ Dye (Rhodamine 6 G) /Iodine / Ag Nps/ ITO). the study of the fill factor and conversion efficiency was increasing with the sequence Fe3O4> Ɣ-Fe2O3 > α-Fe2O3, This sequence obtained in all solar cell devices under study and that because of the increasing the conductivity and decreasing the energy gap.