Interelement interactions in phased arrays theory methods of data analysis and theoretical simulations

Excerpt from Interelement Interactions in Phased Theory, Methods of Data Analysis, and Theoretical Simulations

The two effects above are obviously related, but they are distinct. The first effect describes the interactions between the elements when they are all excited and radiating, and the second describes the interaction of a single radiating element with all the other open-circuited elements. The difference between these two effects can be understood immediately in the case of minimum scattering antennas where the elementary patterns are exactly the free space patterns, but mutual-impedance effects are still present when the array is radiating. Both effects are simply a consequence of the fact that there is electromagnetic radiation everywhere in space, and, therefore, voltages are induced at each element of the phased array. An open-circuited antenna will, in fact, respond to incoming radiation according to its receiving pattern, but it will also immediately reradiate this incoming excitation according to its transmission and scattering patterns.

C. The open-circuited scattering matrix of each element that describes the scattered radiation in terms of the incoming radiation has to be known.

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