International Perspectives on Workforce Education and Development

Development of this text has been based on the notion that workforce education and development (WFED) systems―such as, secondary and postsecondary vocational and technical education (VTE), career education and guidance, human resource and organizational development (HROD), and adult training and retraining including literacy programs, have essential roles to play in supporting both individual and national efforts to successfully participate in and reap the benefits offered by globalization. While this assumption has intuitive appeal, not everyone believes that vocational preparation programs result in positive outcomes.

Psacharopoulos (1997), an outspoken international critic of vocational education and training, argues that WFED programs often have a low rate of return on a country’s investment when compared to that of the general academic curriculum. He contends that WFED initiatives often fail because too much emphasis is placed on these efforts to address myriad complex issues, and that decision makers do not utilize the available evidence about VTE to make prudent, informed choices. Instead, major players in the global economy like the World Bank tout basic academic education as an essential priority for developing countries wanting to enter into global markets and exchange.

JAY W. ROJEWSKI is a professor in the Department of Occupational Studies, University of Georgia. He has published widely in scholarly journals primarily on his work with career behavior, career development, and occupational choice of adolescents and young adults. He is the past editor of The Journal for Vocational Special Needs Education and the Journal of Vocational Education Research. With his wife, Jacy, he is the proud parent of a four-year old daughter, Emily, who was adopted from Fuzhou China in 1997, and baby Claire who is waiting for the family in China.