Introduction to Adaptive Sport and Recreation

As the number of adaptive sport and recreation programs increases, athletes with disabilities now have more opportunities than ever to participate in sports, recreation, and physical fitness. In response, students pursuing a career in sport management need to be fully prepared to incorporate adaptive sport and recreation into their organizations.

Introduction to Adaptive Sport and Recreation is a groundbreaking text designed to address this need. Written and edited by a team of esteemed educators and professionals, this comprehensive textbook offers a broad exploration of sport and recreation for people with disabilities within the framework of sport management.

It begins with social and theoretical discussions covering topics such as defining disability, confronting ableism, considering the concepts of inclusion versus integration, and understanding contact theory and social isolation theory. Students are exposed to participation barriers faced by athletes with disabilities and learn about models of disability perception and legal efforts to address disparities (such as the Americans with Disabilities Act). Also discussed are the disability rights movement as well as legal efforts and policies that have affected access to sport and recreation opportunities for people with disabilities.

Perhaps the most visible example of adaptive sports is the Paralympic Games. The history of this competition is explored in detail, and the text offers an overview of other elite adaptive global competitions as well. Differences between the Paralympics and the Special Olympics are examined, including their participants, organizational philosophies, and governance.

The text explores media coverage of adaptive sports and explains how the stereotypical frames of the past—which often clash with how athletes wish to be presented—are yielding to today’s more empowering and preferred position of viewing participants as athletes.

Students will also see how opportunities for adapted sport are expanding. The long-term athlete development (LTAD) model has been applied to adaptive sports at all levels of competition worldwide. A sidebar spotlights efforts made in this area by Swimming Canada. In addition, the benefits and challenges of offering adaptive programs for military populations and young people are discussed.

Because the costs associated with adaptive sport programs often exceed those of able-bodied sports, financial considerations are sometimes cited as a barrier. Students will learn about typical expenses for adaptive programs, along with different ways of identifying funding sources.

The text concludes with an insightful case study featuring the University of Alabama Adapted Athletics (UAAA) program. This case study offers a managerial perspective on starting an athletics program for athletes with disabilities by exploring all facets, including sports offered, funding, and facilities.

Throughout the text, profile sidebars, critical thinking exercises, and key points foster further discussion and enhance understanding of the concepts presented.

Introduction to Adaptive Sport and Recreation serves as the authoritative guide to prepare students to integrate adaptive sport and recreation programs in their future work as a sport management professional.

Robin Hardin, PhD, is a professor in the sport management program in the department of kinesiology, recreation, and sport studies at the University of Tennessee. He earned his PhD in communications from the University of Tennessee, as well as a master’s degree in communications and a master’s degree in sport studies. He completed his bachelor’s degree in communications at East Tennessee State University. His research interests lie primarily in the areas of sport governance, holistic care of athletes, and professional development of administrators. He is the former editor of Sport Management Education Journal (2018 through 2021) and has served on several other editorial boards. He is a member of the North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM) and the Society of Health and Physical Educators (SHAPE America), and is a member of the official statistics staff for football, men’s basketball, and women’s basketball at the University of Tennessee. He is a veteran of Operation Desert Storm and retired from the Tennessee National Guard.

Joshua R. Pate, PhD, is the dean of the School of Business and Management and the program coordinator for sport management at Lees-McRae College. He earned his PhD in sport management from the University of Tennessee, as well as a master’s degree in communications and a bachelor’s degree in sport management. Pate’s research is in disability, access, and inclusion through a sport lens. Pate has served on the editorial team of Sport Management Education Journal and serves on multiple editorial boards. He is a member of the North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM). He volunteered at the 2014 Sochi Paralympic Winter Games as one of 70 Paralympic News Service flash quotes reporters, with his work focused on wheelchair curling. Pate has a physical disability (cerebral palsy) and participates in recreational snow skiing, water skiing, hand cycling, and general exercise.