Introduction to Science Education

Research in science education provides insights that help, in a sense, optimize the teaching and learning process. It can be said that the science educator seeks answers to questions about teaching and learning based on established knowledge. Research in science education focuses on the concepts that the field employs (epistemological or historical reflection). The work of didacticians is classified according to three orientations: - An epistemological orientation, if the reflection focuses primarily on the objects of teaching and learning. - A praxeological orientation, if the reflection focuses primarily on classroom teaching practices. - A psychological orientation, if the reflection focuses on the learner.