The Last Neoliberal: Macron and the Origins of France's Political Crisis

Why centrist politics in France is bound to fail

This book analyses the French political crisis, which has entered its most acute phase in more than thirty years with the break-up of traditional left and right social blocs. Governing parties have distanced themselves from the working classes, leaving behind on the one hand, craftsmen, shop owners and small entrepreneurs disappointed by the timidity of the reforms of the neoliberal right and, on the other hand, workers and employees hostile to the neoliberal and pro-European integration orientation of the Socialist Party.

The Presidency of François Hollande was less an anomaly than the definitive failure of attempts to reconcile the social base of the left with the so-called "modernisation" of the French model. The project, based on the pursuit of neoliberal reforms, did not die with Hollande's failure; it was taken up and radicalised by his successor, Emmanuel Macron. This project needs a social base, the 'bourgeois bloc", designed to overcome the right/left divide by a new alliance between the middle and upper classes. But this, as we have seen recently on the streets of Paris and elsewhere, is a precarious process.

Bruno Amable is professor of political economy at the University of Geneva. His research focuses on comparative capitalism and the political economy of institutions and change. He is the author of The Diversity of Modern Capitalism (OUP 2003) and Structural Crisis and Institutional Change in Modern Capitalism. French Capitalism in Transition (OUP 2017).

Stefano Palombarini is assistant professor of economics at the university Paris 8. He has worked on the political economy of the Italian political crisis and is the author of La rupture du compromis social italien. Un essai de macroéconomie politique (CNRS Editions 2001) and, co-authored with Bruno Amable, L'économie politique n'est pas une science morale (Raisons d'Agir 2005).