This is an essential reference for describing, measuring and classifying the foliage of flowering plants. The presented system provides long-needed guidelines for characterizing the organization, shape, venation, and surface features of angiosperm leaves. In contrast to systems focusing on reproductive characters for identification, the emphasis is on macroscopic features of the leaf blade including leaf characters, venation, and tooth characters. The advantage of this system is that it allows for the classification of plants independently of their flowers, which is especially useful for fossil leaves (usually found in isolation) and tropical plants (whose flowering cycles are brief and irregular, and whose fruits and flowers may be difficult to access). An illustrated terminology including detailed definitions and annotated illustrations is the focus of the classification system, the aim of which is to provide a framework with comparative examples to allow both modern and fossil leaves to be described and classified consistently.Published in association with the New York Botanical Garden.

About the Author

Beth Ellis is a research scientist at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science.

Douglas C. Daly is Director of the Institute of Systematic Botany at the New York Botanical Garden.

Leo J. Hickey is a Professor and Curator in the Department of Geology and Geophysics at Yale University.

Kirk R. Johnson is Vice President of Research and Collections and Chief Curator at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science.

John D. Mitchell is a Research Fellow at the New York Botanical Garden.

Peter Wilf is Associate Professor of Geosciences at Pennsylvania State University.

Scott L. Wing is Research Scientist and Curator in the Department of Paleobiology at the Smithsonian Institution.

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