Microplastic Production and Trophic Transfer of Phthalates: Challenges, Mechanisms and Perspectives

This book takes an in-depth look at polymers, covering their classification, industrial production and environmental issues. These macromolecules, made up of monomers, fall into three categories: natural (cellulose, proteins), artificial (cellulose acetate) and synthetic (polyethylene, PET, PVC). Their structure - linear, branched or cross-linked - determines their physical, thermal and mechanical properties. With global production set to exceed 400.3 million tonnes by 2022, plastics are used in packaging, textiles, automotive and medical applications. Nevertheless, their expansion poses serious environmental challenges, not least pollution through the accumulation of microplastics, which contaminate ecosystems and threaten human health. The book proposes solutions such as mechanical and chemical recycling, energy recovery and the use of biodegradable materials, including biopolymers, to promote a circular economy and sustainable management.