Manufacture of components from powders often requires a compaction step; as in powder metallurgy, ceramic, hardmetal, magnet, pharmaceutical, refractory and other sectors to make anything from complex gears for cars to pills to dishwasher tablets. Development of the tooling to manufacture a component can be a long process with several iterations. A complementary approach is to use a model of the compaction process to predict the way that powder behaves during compaction and thus the loads needed to achieve compaction and quality of the compacted part.
Modelling of the process of die compaction has been the subject of recent collaborative research from leading experts in Europe and this book presents a summary of the state of the art, taking examples from recent world-class research. Case studies are presented, providing a reference for the testing and validation of these compaction models.
The reader will learn about the: Industry requirements for models of die compaction; Techniques to generate the material data required for input to these models; Production and assessment of compacts for comparison with model predictions; Range of compaction models and results from exercises comparing these models with real powder compacts; The range of potential uses of these models in industry.
The editors have worked together as part of a European networking project aimed at improving powder die compaction using compaction simulation. Peter Brewin co-ordinated the network; while Olivier Coube, Pierre Doremus and James Tweed led the activities of: simulation of powder compaction; generation of input data for powder compaction models; and the generation of case studies and data to test compaction models.
Peter Brewin is technical coordinator of Dienet Thematic Network and technical director of the European Powder Metallurgy Association (EPMA). His background is in alloy steel manufacturing including liquid phase sintering.
Olivier Coube is a R&D mechanical engineer (Ph.D.) with over 10 years of experience in the field of the powder forming process (pressing, sintering and sizing) utilizing mathematical modeling and numerical simulation to solve product development issues. From 1998 to 2004, he led numerous applied research projects for industrial and government contractors at the Fraunhofer-Institute for Mechanics of Materials. Since July 2004 he has been working at Plansee AG as an expert in Numerical Simulation.
Pierre Doremus has worked in Laboratory 3S of the National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble for 25 years. His research activities are essentially devoted to powder compaction. He has been the supervisor of several Ph.D. students which provided him with the idea of developing academic experimental installations for studying powder densification. This work has always been in relation to the industry or national and European programs. This has led to many publications in scientific journals and conferences.
James Tweed has worked for AEA Technology on a broad range of topics related to the manufacture and performance of materials. Recently he has led work with the Universities of Leicester and Swansea on developing test methods relevant to the manufacture of components by die compaction. This includes assessment of powders and the way they flow and fill dies, as well as their behavior during compaction and ejection. This work has also identified methods for assessing the density distribution in powder compacts.
