New Frontiers in Extracellular Vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited particles which are released naturally from nearly all types of cells but cannot replicate like cells. There are three types of EVs that are categorized on the basis of their size and synthesis route. These include apoptotic bodies, exosomes, and microvesicles. They transport a cargo of lipids, proteins, metabolites, nucleic acids and even parent cell organelles. The communication mechanism among cells relies heavily on EVs. They are also capable of carrying disease biomarkers, including CD24, glypican-1, CD63, and colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2). Current research around EVs focuses on their role in various diseases and conditions such as cancer, neurodegeneration, metabolic disorders, and intercellular communication. Owing to their cargo delivery potential, EVs may be used as drug delivery platforms for cancer therapy. Furthermore, engineered EVs may find application in cancer combination therapy. This book explores the new frontiers in the study of extracellular vesicles. It is appropriate for students seeking detailed information on extracellular vesicles, as well as for experts.